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LERGYMM'S 

.ASSISTANT 


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LIBRARY 


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THE 


CLERGYMAN’S  ASSISTANT 

nr 


READING  THE  LITURGY. 


- - — “ Loquere ; lioc  vitium  commune,  loquatur 

Ut  nemo;  at  tensa  declamitet  omnia  voce. 

Tu  loquere ; utmos  est  hominum ; boat  et  latrat  ille : 
Ille  ululat;  rudit  hie;  (fari  si  talia  dignum  est) 

Non  hominem  vox  ulla  sonat  ratione  loquentem.” 

Lucas  de  Gestu  et  Voce,  1.  ii. 


THE 


CLERGYMAN’S  ASSISTANT 

IN 

READING  THE  LITURGY. 

CONTAINING 

THE  EMPHATIC  WORDS  (CHIEFLY  ACCORDING  TO  SHERIDAN)  IN  THE 
MORNING  AND  EVENING  PRAYER,  LITANY  AND  HOLY 
COMMUNION  OFFICE,  PRINTED  IN  ITALICS  1 

WITH  THE 

PRONUNCIATION  OF  WORDS  LIABLE  TO  BE  MISPRONOUNCED  : 
AND  WITH 

EXEGETICAL  NOTES 

FROM  GARRICK,  SHERIDAN,  WHATELY,  CULL  AND  HENSHAW. 


BY  A PARISH  PRIEST. 


“ Pleads  he  in  earnest? — Look  upon  his  face, 

His  eyes  do  drop  no  tears ; his  prayers  are  jest; 

His  words  come  from  his  mouth ; ours,  from  our  breast ; 
He  prays  but  faintly,  and  would  be  denied ; 

We  pray  with  heart  and  soul.” 

Richard  II. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

GRIGG  AND  ELLIOT,  No.  9 NORTH  FOURTH  STREET. 

1847. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1847,  by 
GRIGG  AND  ELLIOT, 

the  Clerk’s  Office  of  the  District  Court  for  the  Eastern  District  of 
Pennsylvania. 


PHILADELPHIA : 

T.  K.  AND  P.  G.  COLLINS; 
PRINTERS. 


5Trvuv 


0A2.C. 


TO 

ALL  WHO  LOVE 

®l)e  Book  of  (Common  |Jr ager* 

AND  WHO  SEEK  TO 

PRAY  WITH  THE  SPIRIT  AND  WITH  THE  UNDERSTANDING  ALSO, 
THIS 

COMPILATION 

IS 

DEDICATED. 


4 ci 


cc  Distinctness  of  articulation,  correct  emphasis  and 
a deep-felt  interest  in  the  sentiments  delivered,  can 
hardly  fail,  where  there  is  not  some  great  defect  in 
the  organs  of  speech,  of  making  a good  reader.  And, 
therefore,  the  commonness  of  the  deficiency  in  this 
respect  among  the  ministers  of  religion,  is  the  less 
excusable.” — Henshawy  Introd . Essay. 


PREFACE. 


The  design  of  this  manual  may  be  fully  enough 
learned  from  the  titlepage.  It  seeks  an  humble 
place  among  the  books  which  aim  to  aid  the  Parish 
Priest  in  the  due  conduct  of  a most  important  depart- 
ment of  his  ministerial  functions.  It  seems  especially 
needful  at  a time  when  the  service  provided  in  the 
Book  of  Common  Prayer  is  beginning  to  be  used  daily 
in  various  parts  of  the  Church.  Whilst  there  are  other 
works  (most  valuable  and  highly  to  be  recommended) 
which  treat,  more  at  length,  of  specific  points  in  what 
may  be  termed  Liturgical  Rhetoric,  the  compiler  has 
met  with  none  which,  in  a brief  compass,  combines 
the  advantages  which,  it  is  thought,  are  contained  in 
the  following  pages.  In  all  these  works,  the  service 
is  either  mutilated  or,  if  entire,  arranged  on  a different 
system  of  punctuation  from  that  in  the  standard  edition 
of  the  Prayer  Book.  In  the  present  work,  the  Morn- 
ing prayer  and  such  parts  of  the  Evening  prayer  as 
are  not  contained  in  the  morning,  the  Litany,  and  the 
holy  Communion  office  are  printed  verbatim  et  literatim 
from  the  standard,  only  marking  the  emphatic  words 
by  the  italic  print.  On  the  margin  of  each  page,  the 
words,  whose  accentuation  and  pronunciation  it  was 
deemed  well  to  mark,  have  been  arranged ; and  at  the 
foot  of  the  page  a selection  of  appropriate  notes  has 


via 


PREFACE. 


been  given  from  the  best  authorities,  Garrick,  Sheri- 
dan, Whately,  Cull  and  Henshaw. 

It  is  deemed  proper  to  add  that,  inasmuch  as  on  many 
points  connected  with  the  reading  of  the  Liturgy,  the 
best  authorities  (as  they  are  called)  are  at  variance,  it 
is  respectfully  submitted,  that  no  work  on  this  subject 
can  claim  any  higher  title  than  an  assistant  to  the  well- 
educated  and  devout  priest.  The  emphatic  words 
have  been  marked,  for  the  most  part,  according  to 
Sheridan,  in  order  that  there  might  be  some  approxi- 
mation to  correctness,  and  for  the  benefit  of  Candidates 
for  Orders  who  need  some  guidance  in  their  reading  of 
the  Liturgy;  but  they  possess  no  such  authority  as  to 
prevent  their  being  changed,  (which  can  be  done  in 
this  book  by  a stroke  of  the  pen,)  by  any  who  have, 
or  think  they  have,  a truer  understanding  of  the  sense 
of  our  Prayer  Book. 

It  is  further  to  be  remarked  that  no  artificial  system, 
however  perfect,  can  do  more  than  approximate  to- 
wards the  conveyance  of  accurate  instruction;  for,  as 
Archbishop  Whately  justly  observes,  “no  variety  of 
marks  that  could  be  invented — not  even  musical  nota- 
tion— would  suffice  to  indicate  the  different  tones  in 
which  the  different  emphatic  words  should  be  pro- 
nounced.55 It  is  well,  therefore,  whilst  using  any 
such  work  as  the  present,  to  remember  the  advice 
given  by  the  same  distinguished  prelate,  “He  who  not 
only  understands  fully  what  he  is  reading,  but  is  earn- 
estly occupying  his  mind  with  the  matter  of  it,  will 
be  likely  to  read  as  if  he  understood  it,  and  thus  to 
make  others  understand  it;  and,  in  like  manner,  with 
a view  to  the  impressiveness  of  the  delivery,  he  who 


PREFACE. 


IX 


not  only  feels  it,  but  is  exclusively  absorbed  by  that 
feeling,  will  be  likely  to  read  as  if  he  felt  it,  and  to 
communicate  the  impression  to  his  hearers.  But  this 
cannot  be  the  case  if  he  is  occupied  with  the  thought 
of  what  their  opinion  will  be  of  his  reading,  and  how 
his  voice  ought  to  be  regulated if,  in  short,  he  is 
thinking  of  himself  \ and  of  course,  in  the  same  degree, 
abstracting  his  attention  from  that  which  ought  to  oc- 
cupy it  exclusively.” 

Phil  ad  a.  5 1847, 


ccIt  seems  to  be  thought  that  something  can  be  sub- 
stituted for  good  reading;  thus  it  is  frequently  said, 
‘Oh,  I attend  more  to  the  matter  than  the  manner !' 
the  word  matter  referring  to  ideas,  and  manner  to  their 
conveyance.  Now  this  remark  can  apply  alone  to  the 
composition  of  a sermon,  for  it  is  quite  inapplicable  to 
the  public  reading  of  a form  of  prayer.  There  is  no 
doubt  of  the  greater  importance  of  that  which  is  con- 
veyed beyond  the  conveyance ; indeed,  the  value  of 
the  conveyance  entirely  depends  on  its  faithful  com- 
munication of  all  the  matter;  and  on  this  fact  rests 
the  whole  importance  of  good  public  reading.  The 
clergyman’s  duty  is  faithfully  to  convey  the  whole  of 
the  matter  contained  in  the  services  of  the  church. 
His  work  is  to  convey,  and,  by  the  manner  of  convey- 
ance, to  attend  to  the  matter,  which  indeed  is  his  only 
means  of  attending  to  the  matter  of  the  Liturgy.” — 
Cull's  preface  to  Garrick's  mode  of  reading  the  Liturgy , 
p.  xi.  and  xii. 


THE  ORDER  FOR  DAILY 


IT  The  Minister  shall  begin1  the  Morning  Prayer,  by  reading 
one  or  more  of  the  following  Sentences  of  Scripture, 

THE  Lord2  is  in  his  holy  temple;  let  all  the  earth 
keep  silence  before  him.  Hab.  ii.  20. 

From  the  rising  of  the  sun  even  unto  the  going 
down  of  the  same,  my  Name  shall  be  great  among  the 
Gentiles ; and  in  every  place  incense  shall  be  offered 
unto  my  Name,  and  a pure  offering:  for  my  Name 
shall  be  great  among  the  heathen,  saith  the  Lord  of 
hosts.  Mai.  i.  11. 

Let  the  words  of  my  mouth,  and  the  meditation  of 
my  heart,  be  alway  acceptable  in  thy  sight,  O Lord, 
my  strength  and  my  Redeemer.  Ps.  xix.  14. 

When  the  wicked  man  turneth  away  from  his  wick- 
edness that  he  hath  committed,  and  doeth  that  which 

PRONUNCIATION. 

Observation.— In  the  list  of  words,  whose  pronunciation  is  given 
in  this  work,  W.  stands  for  Walker , R.  for  Reid. 

Acceptable.— W.  & R, 

NOTES. 

(»)  “The  Minister  ought  to  stand  in  an  erect  posture,  and  not 
carelessly  loll  upon  the  desk  as  many  clergymen  do,  as  if  they 
were  entirely  indifferent  to  what  they  were  about.57 — 'Garrick. 

(2)  •'<  Whenever  our  Maker7s  name  is  mentioned,  it  ought  to 
be  done  with  the  utmost  solemnity  and  respect.77 — Garrick. 


12 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


is  lawful  and  right , he  shall  save  his  soul  alive.  Ezek. 
xviii.  27. 

I acknowledge  my  transgressions ; and  my  sin  is  ever 
before  me.  Ps.  li.  3. 

Hide  thy  face  from  my  sins ; and  blot  out  all  mine 
iniquities.  Ps . li.  9. 

The  sacrifices  of  God1  are  a broken  spirit:  a broken 
and  a contrite  heart,  0 God,  thou  wilt  not  despise. 
Ps.  li.  17. 

Rend  your  heart , and  not  your  garments , and  turn 
unto  the  Lord  your  God  ; for  he  is  gracious  and  mer- 
ciful, slow  to  anger,  and  of  great  kindness,  and  re- 
penteth  him  of  the  evil.  Joel  ii.  13. 

To  the  Lord  our  God  belong  mercies  and  forgive- 
nesses, though  we  have  rebelled  against  him ; neither 
have  we  obeyed  the  voice  of  the  Lord  our  God,  to 
walk  in  his  laws  which  he  set  before  us.  Dan . ix. 
9,  10. 

O Lord,  correct  me,  but  with  judgment;  not  in 
Sac'ri-fices  (sak'-kre-fizes) . — W.  & R. 

(i)  u The  word  God  is  often  distorted  into  Gaud.  This  seems 
to  arise  from  an  attempt  to  prolong  the  word,  when  the  vowel 
a of  all  is  apt  to  be  substituted  for  the  correct  vowel  o of  on. 
This  word  ought  especially  to  be  preserved  from  a vitiated  pro- 
nunciation.”— =Cull. 

“ Throughout  the  whole  service,  indeed,  the  awful  name  of 
God  is  by  some  treated  so  familiarly,  and  so  little  distinguished 
from  any  particle  of  three  letters,  as  must  give  great  offence  to 
pious  ears.  It  is  said  of  the  great  Robert  Boyle,  that  he  never 
mentioned  the  name  of  God,  even  in  private  discourse,  without 
making  a perceptible  pause  after  it.  How  much  more  would 
this  practice  become  those  who  are  engaged  in  the  solemn  act 
of  public  worship,  and  how  much  would  it  add  to  the  solemnity 
of  that  worship!” — Sheridan. 


MORNING  PRAYER, 


13 


thine  anger , lest  thou  bring  me  to  nothing . Jer.  x.  24. 
Ps.  vi.  1. 

Repent  ye  ; for  the  kingdom  of  heaven  is 
St.  Matt . iii.  2. 

I will  erne  and  go  to  my  father,  and  will  say  unto 
him,  Father,  I have  sinned  against  heaven,  and  before 
thee,  and  am  no  more  worthy  to  be  called  thy  son.  St. 
Luke  xv.  18,  19. 

Enter  not  into  judgment  with  thy  servant,  0 Lord  ; 
for  in  thy  sight  shall  no  man  living  be  justified.  Ps. 
cxliii.  2. 

If  we  say  that  we  have  no  sin , we  deceive  ourselves , 
and  the  truth  is  not  in  us ; but  if  we  confess  our  sins, 
God  is  faithful  and  just  to  forgive  us  our  sins,  and  to 
cleanse  us  from  all  unrighteousness.  1 John  i.  8,  9. 

If  Then  the  Minister  shall  say, 

DEARLY  beloved  brethren,1  the  Scripture  moveth 
us,  in  sundry  places,  to  acknowledge  and  confess  our 
manifold  sins  and  wickedness;  and  that  we  should 
not  dissemble  nor  cloak  them  before  the  face  of  Al- 
mighty God  our  heavenly  Father;  but  confess  them 
with  an  humble,2  lowly,  penitent,  and  obedient  heart; 

Dis-sem'ble  (Dis-sem'bl) . — W.  & R. 

Al-might'y  (al-mi'-te),  a as  mfalL—* W. 

O-be'di-ent  (o-be'-je-ent). — W. 

(*)  “In  the  beginning  of  this  exhortation,  we  usually  find, 
that  the  clergyman’s  eye  is  fixed  on  the  book,  and  that  he  utters 
the  words  as  mere  matter  of  form;  but,  surely,  the  truly  Chris- 
tian and  affectionate  address,  with  which  it  commences,  from  a 
pastor  to  his  flock,  ought  to  be  made  with  earnestness,  and  his 
eyes  looking  round  the  whole  congregation.” — Sheridan. 

(2)  “At  first  view  it  may  appear,  that  the  words  humble  and 
lowly,  are  synonymous ; but  the  word  lowly,  certainly  implies 
2 


14 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


o the  end  that  we  may  obtai n forgiveness  of  the  same, 
by  his  infinite  goodness  and  mercy.  And  although  we 
ought,  at  all  times,  humbly  to  acknowledge  our  sins 
before  God ; yet  ought  we  chiefly  so  to  do,  when  we 
assemble  and  meet  together,1  to  render  thanks  for  the 
great  benefits  that  we  have  received  at  his  hands,  to 
set  forth  his  most  worthy  praise , to  hear  his  most  holy 
Word , and  to  ask  those  things  which  are  requisite  and 
necessary,  as  well  for  the  body  as  the  soul . Where- 
fore I pray  and  beseech  you,  as  many  as  are  here  present 5 

Where'fore  (hware-fore) , a as  in  fate. — W.  For  the  different 
pronunciation  of  Therefore,  see  page  23. 

a greater  degree  of  humiliation  than  the  word  humble.  The 
word,  penitent,  that  follows,  is  of  stronger  import  than  either  • 
and  the  word,  obedient,  signifying  a perfect  resignation  to  the 
will  of  God,  in  consequence  of  our  humiliation  and  repentance, 
finishes  the  climax.  But  if  the  climax  in  the  words,  be  not 
accompanied  by  a suitable  climax  in  the  notes  of  the  voice,  it 
cannot  be  made  manifest.77 — Sheridan. 

(')  “Nothing  is  more  frequent  than  to  give  the  tone  of  a full 
stop  at  the  end  of  the  former  part  of  this  sentence,  as  thus — 6 yet 
ought  we  chiefly  so  to  do  when  we  assemble  and  meet  together.7 
What,  at  any  time,  in  assemblies  of  amusement  and  festivity? 
No,  it  is  only  when  we  assemble  and  meet  together,  to  render 
thanks  for  the  great  benefits  we  have  received  at  his  hands,  &c. 
In  this,  and  what  follows,  a distinct  enumeration  is  made,  of 
the  several  parts  whereof  the  public  worship  is  composed.  To 
render  thanks  for  the  great  benefits  that  we  have  received  at  his  hands , 
Thanksgiving.  To  set  forth  his  most  worthy  praise  by  Psalms 
and  Hymns.  To  hear  his  most  holy  word  in  the  Lessons.  And 
to  ask  those  things  that  are  requisite  and  necessary , as  well  for  the 
body  as  the  soul  in  the  Prayers.  On  which  account,  the  several 
sentences  containing  the  distinct  parts  of  the  service,  ought  to 
be  kept  more  detached  from  each  other  than  they  usually  are ; 
and  the  words  peculiarly  expressive  of  each  branch  of  the  ser- 
vice, should  chiefly  be  made  emphatical.77 — Sheridan. 


MORNING  PRAYER, 


15 


to  accompany  me  with  a pure  heart,  and  humble  voice, 
unto  the  throne  of  the  heavenly  grace,  saying — 

A general  Confession,  to  be  said  by  the  whole  Congregation, 
after  the  Minister,  all  kneeling. 

ALMIGHTY  and  most  merciful  Father;1  We  have 
erred  and  strayed  from  thy  ways  like  lost  sheep.  We 
have  followed  too  much  the  devices  and*  desires  of 
our  own  hearts.  We  have  offended  against  thy  holy 
laws . We  have  left  undone  those  things  which  we 
ought  to  have  done ; And  we  have  done  those  things 
which  we  ought  not  to  have  done ; And  there  is  no 
health  in  us.  But  thou,  0 Lord,  have  mercy 2 upon  us, 

Hum'ble  (um'-bl). — W. 

Er'red ; first  e as  in  met. — W. 

Mer'cy  (Mer'-se). — Walker  says,  ‘-The  vulgar  pronounce 
this  word  as  if  spelled  many : many  above  the  vulgar  pronounce 
it  as  if  written  murcy ; but  there  is  a delicate  shade  of  difference 
between  this  and  the  true  sound  of  e,  (e  in  met ,)  which  must  be 
carefully  attended  to.” 

(*)  111  Almighty  and  most  merciful  Father’ — Another  fault 
here  committed,  is  the  dropping  the  voice  at  the  end,  as  if  it 
were  a full  stop ; whereas,  it  is  evidently  an  incomplete  member 
of  a sentence,  as  would  appear  if  it  were  immediately  followed 
by  the  subsequent  one,  which  belongs  to  it,  without  the  reader’s 
being  interrupted  by  the  congregation.  But  that  interruption 
ought  to  make  no  change  in  the  proper  manner  of  delivering  it, 
which  should  be  in  a sustained  note,  and  which  the  reader 
would  use  were  he  to  continue  it  without  such  interruption.” — 
Sheridan. 

(2)  u The  difficulty  of  reading  the  Liturgy  with  spirit,  and  even 
with  propriety,  is  somewhat  peculiar,  on  account  of  the  invete- 
rate and  long  established  faults  to  which  almost  every  one’s 
ears  are  become  so  familiar;  so  that  such  a delivery  as  would 
shock  any  one  of  even  moderate  taste,  in  any  other  composition, 
he  will,  in  this,  be  likely  to  tolerate,  and  to  practise.  Some 


16 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


miserable  offenders.  Spare  thou  those , 0 God,  who 
confess  their  faults.  Restore  thou  those  who  are  peni- 
tent; According  to  thy  promises  declared  unto  mankind 
in  Christ  Jesus  our  Lord.  And  grant,  0 most  merciful 
Father,  for  his  sake;  That  we  may  hereafter  live  a 
godly , righteous , and  sober  life.  To  the  glory  of  thy 
holy  Name^  Amen. 

IT  The  Declaration  of  Absolution,  or  Remission  of  sins,  to  be 
made  by  the  Priest  alone,  standing ; the  People  still  kneeling. 

ALMIGHTY  God,1  the  Father  of  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  who  desireth  not  the  death  of  a sinner,  but 
rather  that  he  may  turn  from  his  wickedness  and  live , 

Man-kind'  (man-kyind7) . — W. 

read,  ‘ have  mercy  upon  us,  miserable  offenders/  and  others, 
‘have  mercy  upon  us,  miserable  offenders/  both  laying  the 
stress  on  a wrong  word,  and  making  the  pause  in  the  wrong 
place,  so  as  to  disconnect  ‘us’  and  ‘miserable  offenders/ 
which  the  context  requires  us  to  combine.  Every  one,  in  ex- 
pressing his  own  natural  sentiments  would  say  ‘have  mercy 
upon  us-miserable-offenders.7  77 — Sheridan. 

0)  “In  reading  the* absolution,  it  is  usual  to  begin  it  in  the 
same  manner  and  tone  of  voice,  as  if  it  were  a prayer  addressed 
to  the  Almighty,  instead  of  speaking  of  him,  and  delivering  a 
commission  in  his  name.  As  thus — ‘ Almighty  God  ! the  Father 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ7 — instead  of  the  authoritative  tone  of 
one  speaking  in  his  name,  and  who  has  received  power  and 
commandment  from  him,  to  declare  his  gracious  pleasure  to  his 
people.  The  words  as  they  stand,  have  indeed  the  same  air  as 
several  prayers  beginning  in  the  same  manner:  which  probably 
has  betrayed  most  into  the  same  mode  of  delivering  them.  But 
whoever  will  suppose  them  to  be  preceded  by  the  article,  the , 
which  is  understood,  as  thus — The  Almighty  God,  Father  of  our 
Lord  Jesus  Christ,  &c.,  will  immediately  see  the  necessity  of 
using  a tone  very  different  from  that  of  supplication ; and  will 
easily  bring  himself  to  the  use  of  it.77 — Sheridan. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


17 


hath  given  power ,*  and  commandment , to  his  ministers, 
to  declare  and  pronounce  to  his  people,  being  penitent , 
the  Absolution  and  Remission  of  their  sins.  He  par- 
doneth  and  absolveth  all  those  who  truly  repent,  and 
unfeignedly  believe  his  holy  Gospel.  Wherefore  let 
us  beseech  him  to  grant  us  true  repentance,2  and  his 
Holy  Spirit,  that  those  things  may  please  him  which 
we  do  at  this  present ; and  that  the  rest  of  our  life  here- 
after may  be  pure  and  holy , so  that  at  the  last  we  may 
come  to  his  eternal  joy ; through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 

IT  The  People  shall  answer  here,  and  at  the  end  of  every 
prayer,  Amen. 

IT  Or  this. 

ALMIGHTY  God,  our  heavenly  Father,  who  of  his 
great  mercy  hath  promised  forgiveness  of  sins  to  all 
those  who,  with  hearty  repentance  and  true  faith,  turn 
unto  him;  have  mercy  upon  you;  pardon  and  deliver 
you  from  all  your  sins ; confirm  and  strengthen  you  in 

Ab-solv'-eth  (ab-zolv'eth) . — W. 

(1)  “ ‘ And  hath  given  power  and  commandment  to  his  min- 
isters, to  declare  and  pronounce  to  his  people  being  penitent’ — 
The  words,  by  being  thus  huddled  together,  lose  much  of  their 
import  and  clearness.” — Sheridan. 

(2)  “ Many  are  apt  even  to  commit  so  gross  an  error,  as  to 
lay  the  chief  stress  on  the  words  which  denote  the  most  import- 
ant things ; without  any  consideration  of  the  emphatic  word  of 
each  sentence:  e.  g.,  in  the  Absolution,  many  read,  ‘let  us 
beseech  him  to  grant  us  true  repentance ;’  because,  forsooth, 
‘true  repentance’  is  an  important  thing;  not  considering  that,  as 
it  has  been  just  mentioned,  it  is  not  the  new  idea , and  that  to 
which  the  attention  should  be  directed  by  the  emphasis ; the 
sense  being,  that  since  God  pardoneth  all  that  have  true  repent- 
ance, therefore,  we  should  ‘beseech  him,  to  grant  it  to  its.’” — 
Sheridan. 

2* 


18 


MORNING  PRAYER, 


all  goodness;  and  bring  you  to  everlasting  life ; through 
Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

IT  Then  the  Minister  shall  kneel,  and  say  the  Lord’s  Prayer;  the 

People  still  kneeling,  and  repeating  it  with  him,  both  here, 

and  wheresoever  else  it  is  used  in  Divine  Service. 

OUR  Father,  who  art  in  heaven / Hallowed  be  thy 
Name.  Thy  kingdom  come.  Thy  will  be  done  on 
earth , As  it  is  in  heaven.2  Give  us  this  day3  our  daily 
bread.  And  forgive4  us  our  trespasses,  As  we  forgive 

(!)  u I now  come  to  the  Lord’s  Prayer.  Nothing  can  show 
the  corrupt  state  of  the  art  of  reading,  or  the  power  of  bad  habit 
in  a stronger  light,  than  the  manner  in  which  that  short  and  sim- 
ple prayer  is  generally  delivered.  In  the  first  words  of  it,  -'Our 
Father  who  art  in  heaven’ — that  false  emphasis  on  the  word, 
art , has  almost  universally  prevailed.  This  strong  stress  upon 
the  affirmative,  art , looks  as  if  there  might  be  a doubt,  whether 
the  residence  of  God  were  in  heaven,  or  not.” — Sheridan. 

2 u Sheridan  directs  the  following  passage  to  be  read  thus : 
1 thy  will  be  done  on  earth  as  it  is  in  Heaven,’  with  the  emphasis 
on  the  words  1 be’  and  c is ;’  these,  however,  are  not  the  em- 
phatic words,  and  do  not  even  exist  in  the  original  Greek,  but 
are  supplied  by  the  translator ; the  latter  of  them  might,  indeed, 
be  omitted  without  any  detriment  to  the  sense;  1 thy  will  be 
done,  as  in  Heaven,  so  also  on  earth,’  which  is  a more  literal 
translation,  is  perfectly  intelligible.” — Whatelv. 

(3)  ic  This  is  supposed  to  be  a prayer  to  be  daily  used,  and  a 
petition  to  be  daily  preferred,  composed  for  our  use  by  him 
who  bade  us  take  no  thought  for  the  morrow;  wherefore  it 
should  be  thus  pronounced — 1 Give  us  this  day  our  daily  bread?  ” 
— Sheridan. 

(4)  u There  is  another  fault  committed  by  some,  in  removing 
the  accent  from  the  last  syllable  of  the  word,  forgave , to  the 
first;  as,  Give  us  this  day  our  daily  bread,  and  foVgive  us  our 
trespasses,  &c.,’  by  which  they  seem  to  make  an  opposition 
between  the  words,  give  and  fo'rgive , where  there  is  none  in- 
tended; than  which  nothing  can  be  more  absurd  and  puerile.” — 
Sheridan. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


19 


those  who  trespass  against  us.  And  lead  us  not  into 
temptation;  But  deliver  us  from  evil:  For  thine  is  the 
kingdom,  and  the  power,  and  the  glory,  for  ever,  and 
ever.  Amen. 

If  Then  likewise  he  shall  say, 

O Lord,  open  thou  our  lips.1 

J. ins . And  our  mouth  shall  show  forth  thy  praise. 

If  Here,  all  standing  up,  the  Minister  shall  say, 

Glory  be  to  the  Father , and  to  the  Son , and  to  the 
Holy  Ghost ; 

Ans . As  it  was  in  the  beginning ,2  is  now , and  ever 
shall  be,  world  without  end. 

Min . Praise  ye  the  Lord. 

Ans . The  Lord’s  Name  be  praised. 

^[Then  shall  be  said  or  sung  the  following  Anthem;  except  on 
those  days  for  which  other  Anthems  are  appointed;  and  ex- 
cept also,  when  it  is  used  in  the  course  of  the  Psalms,  on  the 
nineteenth  day  of  the  month. 

Venite , exultemus  Domino. 

O COME,  let  us  sing  unto  the  Lord;  let  us  heartily 
rejoice  in  the  strength  of  our  salvation. 

Sal-va'tion. 

(*)  tc  In  this  way  of  reading,  1 0 Lord  open  thou  our  lips’— 
the  address  to  God  seems  only  to  be,  to  open  our  mouths,  which 
surely  does  not  require  his  intervention;  but  when  the  emphasis 
is  placed  right  the  figurative  meaning  starts  forth,  which  is,  do 
thou  inspire  us  with  a true  spirit  of  devotion,  1 and  our  mouth 
shall  show  forth  thy  praise.7  77 — Sheridan. 

(2)  “The  latter  verse  of  the  Gloria  Patri  is  often  hurried  over 
by  the  Minister,  as  if  his  only  object  was  that  of  bringing  it  to  a 
speedy  conclusion.  This  is  abominable,  and  should  be  corrected, 
for  the  sentence  requires  as  much  distinct  articulation , and  delibe- 
rate evenness  of  delivery,  as  most  of  the  others.77 — Garrick. 


20 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


Let  us  come  before  his  presence  with  thanksgiving ; 
and  show  ourselves  glad  in  him  with  psalms. 

For  the  Lord  is  a great  God;  and  a great  King 
above  all  gods. 

In  his  hand  are  all  the  corners  of  the  earth ; and  the 
strength  of  the  hills  is  his  also. 

The  sea  is  his , and  he  made  it;  and  his  hands  pre- 
pared the  dry  land. 

0 come,  let  us  worship  and  fall  down , and  kneel 
before  the  Lord  our  Maker. 

For  he  is  the  Lord  our  God ; and  we  are  the  people 
of  his  pasture,  and  the  sheep  of  his  hand. 

0 worship  the  Lord  in  the  beauty  of  holiness ; let 
the  whole  earth  stand  in  awe  of  him. 

For  he  cometh,  for  he  cometh  to  judge  the  earth  ; 
and  with  righteousness  to  judge  the  world,  and  the 
people  with  his  truth . 

1[Then  shall  follow  a Portion  of  the  Psalms,  as  they  are  ap- 
pointed, or  one  of  the  Selections  of  Psalms  set  forth  by  this 
Church.  And  at  the  end  of  every  Psalm,  and  likewise  at  the 
end  of  the  Venite , Benedicite,  Jubilate , Benedictus , Cantate  Do- 
mint ),  Bonmn  est  confiteri , Deus  miser eatur,  Benedic , anima  mea 
— MAY  be  said  or  sung  the  Gloria  Patri ; and  at  the  end  of 
the  whole  Portion , or  Selection  of  Psalms  for  the  day,  shall 
be  said  or  sung  the  Gloria  Patri , or  else  the  Gloria  in  excelsis, 
as  followeth. 

Gloria  in  excelsis. 

GLORY  be  to  God  on  high,  and  on  earth  peace, 
good  will  towards  men . We  praise  thee,  we  bless 

Earth  (erth),  e as  in  met.  Walker  says,  cc  This  word  is  liable 
to  a coarse,  vulgar  pronunciation,  as  if  written  urth.  There  is, 
indeed,  but  a delicate  difference  between  this  and  the  true 
sound,  but  quite  sufficient  to  distinguish  a common  from  a polite 
speaker.” 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


21 


thee,  we  worship  thee,  we  glorify  thee,  we  give 
thanks  to  thee  for  thy  great  glory,  0 Lord  God, 
heavenly  King,  God  the  Father  Almighty. 

0 Lord,  the  only  begotten  Son  Jesus  Christ;  O 
Lord  God,  Lamb  of  God,  Son  of  the  Father,  that 
takest  away  the  sins  of  the  world , have  mercy  upon 
us.  Thou  that  takest  away  the  sins  of  the  world , have 
mercy  upon  us.  Thou  that  takest  away  the  sins  of  the 
world , receive  our  prayer.  Thou  that  sittest  at  the 
right  hand  of  God  the  Father,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

For  thou  only  art  holy;  thou  only  art  the  Lord; 
thou  only,  0 Christ,  with  the  Holy  Ghost,  art  most 
high  in  the  glory  of  God  the  Father.  Amen. 

IT  Then  shall  be  read  the  first  Lesson/  according  to  the  Table  or 
Calendar. 

IT  After  which  shall  be  said  or  sung  the  following  Hymn. 

IT  Note,  That  before  every  Lesson,  the  Minister  shall  say,  Here 
beginnetfi  such  a Chapter,  or  Verse  of  such  a Chapter , of  such  a 
Book:  And  after  every  Lesson,  Here  endeth  the  first,  or  the 
second  Lesson . 

Te  Deum  laudamus. 

WE  praise  thee,  0 God  ;2  we  acknowledge  thee  to 
be  the  Lord. 

O'nly  (one*le),  o as  in  no. — W. 

(1)  “The  Lessons  also  are  in  general  very  shamefully  run 
over,  without  marking  their  various  beauties,  or  giving  them 
that  sacred  dignity  of  expression,  and  that  deliberate  method  of 
pronunciation  (without  being  heavy  or  drawling ) which  so  es- 
sentially belong  to  them  as  to  the  prayers.’7 — Garrick. 

(2)  ic  One  general  fault,  in  reading  the  following  sentences,  is 
dropping  the  voice  at  the  conclusion  of  each  member;  whereas, 
in  many  the  sense  is  not  complete,  till  made  up  by  that  part  in 
which  the  congregation  response;  and  in  one  instance,  it  does 
not  terminate  till  the  third  by  the  Minister. 


22 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


All  the  earth  doth  worship  thee,  the  Father  ever - 
lasting . 

To  thee  all  Angels  cry  aloud ; the  Heavens , and  all 
the  Powers  therein. 

To  thee  Cherubim,  and  Seraphim  continually  do  cry, 

Holy,  Holy,  Holy,  Lord  God  of  Sabaoth. 

Heaven  and  earth  are  full  of  the  Majesty  of  thy  Glory. 

The  glorious  company  of  the  Apostles  praise  thee. 

The  goodly  fellowship  of  the  Prophets  praise  thee. 

The  noble  army  of  Martyrs  praise  thee. 

The  holy  Church  throughout  all  the  world  doth 
acknowledge  thee ; 

The  Father,  of  an  infinite  Majesty; 

Thine  adorable,  true,  and  only  Son; 

Also  the  Holy  Ghost,  the  Comforter . 

Thou  art  the  King  of  Glory,  O Christ. 

Thou  art  the  everlasting  Son  of  the  Father. 

When  thou  tookest  upon  thee  to  deliver  man,  thou 
didst  humble  thyself  to  be  born  of  a virgin . 

Sa'ba-oth  (Sab'a-oth. — W.  Sa-ba'-oth. — R.) 

A-pos'tles  (a-pos'-sls) . — W.  & R. 

In'fi-nite  (in'-fe-nit). — W. 

Vir'gin  (ver'-jin),  e as  in  met . — W. 

u Another  fault  almost  equally  common  is  falsely  placing  the 
emphasis  on  the  word  1 thee’  in  the  seventh,  and  three  follow- 
ing sentences  of  the  Te  Deum ; nor  can  it  with  propriety  be 
made  the  emphatic  word  in  the  other  portions  of  this  sublime 
Hymn,  with  the  exception,  perhaps,  of  the  concluding  clause  in 
the  first  sentence,  and  the  first  clause  in  the  last  sentence.” — 
Sheridan. 

u Many  clergymen,  in  reading  their  part  of  this  hymn,  are  all 
the  while  looking  about  at  different  parts  of  the  church,  as  if 
they  were  speaking  to  the  congregation,  and  not  addressing 
themselves  to  their  Creator.” — Garrick. 


MORNING  PRAYER, 


23 


When  thou  hadst  overcome  the  sharpness  of  death , 
thou  didst  open  the  Kingdom  of  Heaven  to  all  be- 
lievers. 

Thou  sittest  at  the  right  hand  of  God , in  the  Glory 
of  the  Father. 

We  believe  that  thou  shalt  come  to  be  our  Judge . 

We  therefore  pray  thee,  help  thy  servants,  whom 
thou  hast  redeemed  with  thy  precious  blood. 

Make  them  to  be  numbered  with  thy  Saints , in  glory 
everlasting. 

O Lord,  save  thy  people,  and  bless  thine  heritage. 

Govern  them,  and  lift  them  up  for  ever. 

Day  by  day  we  magnify  thee ; 

And  we  worship  thy  Name  ever , world  without  end. 

Vouchsafe,  0 Lord,  to  keep  us  this  day  without  sin. 

0 Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

0 Lord,  let  thy  mercy  be  upon  us,  as  our  trust  is  in 
thee. 

0 Lord,  in  thee  have  I trusted  ; let  me  never  be 
confounded. 

IT  Or  this  Canticle. 

Benedicite , omnia  opera  Domini . 

0 ALL  ye  Works  of  the  Lord,  bless  ye  the  Lord  ; 
praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Angels  of  the  Lord,  bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Heavens , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise  him,  and 
magnify  him  for  ever. 


Therefore  (ther'-fore)  ? e as  in  met . — W. 
Gov'ern  (guv'-urn);  u as  in  tub. — W. 
Vouch-safe  (voutsh-safe') . — W. 


24 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


O ye  Waters  that  be  above  the  firmament,  bless  ye 
the  Lord ; praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O all  ye  Powers  of  the  Lord,  bless  ye  the  Lord  ; 
praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Sun  and  Moon , bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him, 
and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Stars  of  heaven,  bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Showers  and  Dew , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Winds  of  God,  bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him, 
and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Fire  and  Heat , bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise  him, 
and  magnify him  for  ever. 

O ye  Winter  and  Summer , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Dews  and  Frosts , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Frost  and  Cold , bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him, 
and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Ice  and  Snow , bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him, 
and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  JYights  and  Days , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Light  and  Darkness , bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Lightnings  and  Clouds , bless  ye  the  Lord ; 
praise  him  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O let  the  Earth  bless  the  Lord ; yea,  let  it  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

Fir'ma-ment  (fer'-ma-ment);  e as  in  met. — W. 

Winds  (winds)  ? i as  in  pin. — W.  & R. 

Dew  (du) ; u as  in  tube . — W. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


25 


O ye  Mountains  and  Hills,  bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 all  ye  Green  Things  upon  the  earth,  bless  ye  the 
Lord;  praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Wells , bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him,  and  mag- 
nify him  for  ever. 

O ye  Seas  and  Floods , bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Whales , and  all  that  move  in  the  waters,  bless 
ye  the  Lord  ; praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 all  ye  Fowls  of  the  Air,  bless  ye  the  Lord ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O all  ye  Beasts  and  Cattle , bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Children  of  Men , bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 let  Israel  bless  the  Lord  ; praise  him,  and  magnify 
him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Priests  of  the  Lord,  bless  ye  the  Lord  ; praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  Servants  of  the  Lord,  bless  ye  the  Lord;  praise 
him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

0 ye  Spirits  and  Souls  of  the  Righteous,  bless  ye 
the  Lord ; praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

O ye  holy  and  humble  Men  of  heart,  bless  ye  the 
Lord  ; praise  him,  and  magnify  him  for  ever. 

If  Then  shall  be  read,  in  like  manner,  the  second  Lesson/  taken 
Servants  (ser'-vants),  e as  in  met . — W. 

(!)  “The  different  clauses  of  sentences  in  the  Common 
Prayer,  and  in  the  Scriptures,  ought  to  be  delivered,  as  I have 
frequently  hinted  before,  more  distinct  and  separate  from  each 
other,  than  in  anything  else.” — Garrick. 

8 


26 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


out  of  the  New  Testament,  according  to  the  Table  or  Calen- 
dar. 

IT  And  after  that,  the  following  Psalm. 

Jubilate 1 Deo . Psalm  e. 

O BE  joyful  in  the  Lord,  all  ye  lands:  serve  the 
Lord  with  gladness , and  come  before  his  presence 
with  a song. 

Be  ye  sure  that  the  Lord  he  is  God ; it  is  he  that 
hath  made  us,  and  not  we  ourselves ; we  are  Ids  peo- 
ple and  the  sheep  of  his  pasture. 

O go  your  way  into  his  gates  with  thanksgivings  and 
into  his  courts  with  praise ; be  thankful  unto  him,  and 
speak  good  of  his  Name. 

For  the  Lord  is  gracious , his  mercy  is  everlasting ; 
and  his  truth  endureth  from  generation  to  generation » 

IT  Or  this  Hymn. 

Benedidus.  St.  Luke  i.  68* 

BLESSED  be  the  Lord  God  of  Israel ; for  he  hath 
visited  and  redeemed  his  people  ; 

And  hath  raised  up  a mighty  salvation  for  us,  in 
the  house  of  his  servant  David; 

(l)  u Surely  hymns,  such  as  these,  ought  to  be  delivered  in 
tones  of  that  enthusiastic  ardour,  which  naturally  result  from  a 
heart  filled  with  admiration,  love,  and  gratitude  towards  its 
great  Creator  and  Benefactor.” — Sheridan. 

u After  the  second  Lesson,  many  divines,  as  if  they  were 
fatigued  with  reading  a chapter,  begin  the  following  psalm  in 
such  a loiv  tone , and  in  so  careless  a manner,  that  what  with  the 
method  of  their  delivery,  and  that  of  the  congregation’s  after  them, 
the  whole  is  run  and  gabbled  over  so  inarticulately , that  all  public 
devotional  effect  is  completely  and  effectually  destroyed.” — Gar- 
rick, 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


27 


And  lie  spake  by  the  mouth  of  his  holy  Prophets , 
which  have  been  since  the  world  began ; 

That  we  should  be  saved  from  our  enemies , and  from 
the  hand  of  all  that  hate  us. 

Tf  Then  shall  be  said  the  Apostles7  Creed/  by  the  Minister  and 
the  People,  standing.  And  any  Churches  may  omit  the 
words,  He  descended  into  hell:  or  may,  instead  of  them;  use  the 
words.  He  went  into  the  'place  of  departed  spirits , which  are  con- 
sidered as  words  of  the  same  meaning  in  the  Creed. 

I BELIEVE  in  God  the  Father  Almighty,  Maker  of 
heaven  and  earth  : 

And  in  Jesus  Christ,  his  only  Son,  our  Lord;  Who 
was  conceived  by  the  Holy  Ghost,  Born  of  the  Virgin 
Mary;  Suffered  under  Pontius  Pilate,  Was  crucified , 
dead , and  buried ; He  descended  into  hell , The  third 
day  he  rose  from  the  dead  ; He  ascended  into  heaven, 
And  sitteth  on  the  right  hand  of  God  the  Father  Al- 
mighty; From  thence  he  shall  come  to  judge  the  quick 
and  the  dead . 

I believe  in  the  Holy  Ghost ; The  holy  Catholic 
Church;  The  Communion  of  Saints;  The  Forgiveness 

Been  (bin),  i as  in  pin, — IV. 

As-cen'ded. 


(!)  u This  Creed  will  admit  of  little  change  in  the  notes  of  the 
voice.  It  ought  to  be  pronounced  with  distinctness  and  so- 
lemnity; to  which  nothing  will  contribute  so  much,  as  a due 
observation  of  the  pauses,  in  the  sentences,  and  their  several 
m embers. 7 7 — Sheridan. 

u The  Creed  which  follows,  ought  to  be  read,  to  do  it  proper 
justice,  with  a strong , full , even  tone.  All  jerlcs  or  snaps  in  the 
voice  must  be  carefully  avoided  in  this,  as  in  all  other  parts  of 
the  prayers,  and  indeed  in  every  kind  of  reading  and  speaking.77 
—Garrick. 


28 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


of  sins  ; The  Resurrection  of  the  body,  And  the  Life 
everlasting . Amen. 

If  Or  this.1 

I BELIEVE  in  one  God  the  Father  Almighty,  Maker 
of  heaven  and  earth,  And  of  all  things  visible  and  in- 
visible :2 

And  in  one  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  the  only  begotten 
Son  of  God,  Begotten  of  his  Father  before  all  worlds  ; 
God  of  God,3  Light  of  Light,  very  God  of  very  God, 
Begotten , not  made , Being  of  one  substance  with  the 
Father;  By  whom  all  things  were  made;  Who,  for  us 
men,  and  for  our  salvation,  came  down  from  heaven, 
And  was  incarnate  by  the  Holy  Ghost  of  the  Virgin 
Mary,  and  was  made  man,  And  was  crucified  also  for 
us  under  Pontius  Pilate.  He  suffered  and  was  buried ; (*) 

(*)  “ This  statement  of  the  Christian’s  belief  should  be  read 
to  mark  its  distinct  propositions  as  being  successive  declarations 
of  credence,  each  resting  on  its  own  distinct  evidence.  There 
should  be  little  or  no  feeling,  because  every  item  depends  on 
exact  evidence  addressed  exclusively  to  the  intellect.” — Cull. 

(2)  “The  Minister  ought  to  make  unusual  length  of  pauses 
between  the  several  parts  of  the  sentences,  in  order  to  check,  as 
much  as  possible,  that  continuation  of  confused  sounds,  which 
are  commonly  occasioned  whenever  the  congregation  accom- 
panies him.” — Garrick. 

(3)  u There  is  a passage  in  the  Creed,  often  faultily  delivered, 
m the  following  manner — ( God  of  God,  Light  of  light , very 
God  of  very  God’-— in  which  mode  of  expression — God  of 
God ’ — according  to  the  common  acceptation,  it  would  imply  a 
superiority  in  him  over  God ; as,  when  we  say,  1 King  of  Kings  f 
but,  by  laying  the  stress  on  Lofi  as  ‘God  of  God’ — the  true 
meaning  is  pointed  out,  which  is,  ‘God  proceeded  from  God, 
light  from  light,  very  God  from  very  God.’  Thus  indicating  the 
unity  of  the  divine  nature  and  essence,  in  connection  with  the 
personal  distinctions  in  the  Godhead.” — Sheridan. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


29 


And  the  third  day  he  rose  again,1  according  to  the 
Scriptures;  And  ascended  into  heaven,  And  sitteth  on 
the  right  hand  of  the  Father.  And  he  shall  come 
again  with  glory  to  judge  both  the  quick  and  the 
dead;  Whose  kingdom  shall  have  no  end. 

And  I believe  in  the  Holy  Ghost,  The  Lord  and 
Giver  of  Life.  Who  proceedeth  from  the  Father  and 
the  Son,  Who  with  the  Father  and  the  Son  together  is 
worshipped  and  glorified,  Who  spake  by  the  Prophets. 
And  I believe  one  Catholic  and  Apostolic  Church.  I 
acknowledge  one  Baptism  for  the  remission  of  sins; 
And  I look  for  the  resurrection  of  the  dead , And  the 
Life  of  the  world  to  come . Amen.2 

And  after  that,  these  Prayers  following,  all  devoutly  kneeling ; 
the  Minister  first  pronouncing, 

The  Lord  be 3 with  you. 

Ans.  And  with  thy  spirit . 

Min . Let  us  pray, 

O Lord,  show  thy  mercy  upon  us. 

Ans . And  grant  us  thy  salvation . 

(J)  u Who,  for  instance,  that  was  really  thinking  of  a resur- 
rection from  the  dead,  would  ever  tell  any  one  that  our  Lord 
1 rose  again  from  the  dead;7  (which  is  so  common  a mode  of 
reading  this  article  of  the  creed,)  as  if  he  had  done  so  more 
than  once?77 — Archbp.  Whately. 

(2)  u No  part  of  the  Creed,  nor  indeed  any  of  the  Prayers, 
ought  to  be  passed  over  carelessly , or  with  any  apparent  want  of 
attention.77 — Garrick. 

(3)  u Here  the  emphasis  ought  to  be  on  the  auxiliary  verb, 

as  may , the  sign  of  the  optative,  is  omitted,  as  was  mentioned 

in  a former  case.  This  adds  to  the  solemnity  of  the  wish. 
Whereas,  in  the  common  way  of  repeating  it,  ‘The  Lord  be 
with  you;7  it  is  exactly  the  same  as  the  common  mode  of  ex- 
pression, in  bidding  farewell,77 — Sheridan. 

3* 


30 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


Min.  0 God,  make  clean  our  hearts  within  usr. 
fins.  And  take  not  thy  Holy  Spirit  from  us. 

IT  Then  shall  follow  the  Colled1  for  the  day,  except  when  the 
Communion  Service  is  read;  and  then  the  Collect  for  the  day 
shall  be  omitted  here. 

A Collect2  for  Peace. 

0 GOD,  who  art  the  author  of  peace  and  lover  of 
concord , in  knowledge  of  whom  standeth  our  eternal 
life,  whose  service  is  perfect  freedom;  Defend  us , thy 
humble  servants,  in  all  assaults  of  our  enemies;  that 
we,  surely  trusting  in  thy  defence,  may  not  fear  the 
power  of  any  adversaries,  through  the  might  of  Jesus 
Christ  our  Lord,  fimen. 

A Collect  for  Grace. 

0 LORD,  our  heavenly  Father,  Almighty  and  ever- 
lasting  God,  who  hast  safely  brought  us  to  the  begin- 
ning of  this  day;  Defend  us  in  the  same  with  thy 
mighty  power ; and  grant  that  this  day  we  fall  into  no 
sin , neither  run  into  any  kind  of  danger  ; but  that  all 
our  doings , being  ordered  by  thy  governance,  may  be 
righteous  in  thy  sight;  through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 
fimen. 


Kind  (kyind) — W. 

(!)  11  In  these  collects  the  transition  from  declaration  to  prayer 
should  be  marked  by  the  voice. ;; — Cull. 

(2)  “The  collects  must  be  read  with  great  deliberation , clear - 
ness  of  utterance , and  with  the  utmost  weight  of  pious  and  religious- 
gravity.  They  are  prayers  which  cannot  fail  to  command  the 
greatest  attention,  if  the  Minister  perform  his  duty  in  the  delivery 
of  them  ” — Garrick. 


MORNING  PRAYEJEt. 


31 


A prayer  for  the  President  of  the  U7iited  States,  and  all  in  Civil 
Authority.  # 

0 LORD,  our  heavenly  Father,  the  high  and  mighty 
Ruler  of  the  universe,  who  dost  from  thy  throne  be- 
hold all  the  dwellers  upon  earth;  Most  heartily  we 
beseech  thee  with  thy  favour  to  behold  and  bless  thy 
servant  The  President  of  the  United  States,  and  all 
others  in  authority  ; and  so  replenish  them  with  the 
grace  of  thy  Holy  Spirit,  that  they  may  ahvays  incline 
to  thy  will,  and  walk  in  thy  way . Endue  them  plen - 
teously  with  heavenly  gifts;  grant  them  in  health  and 
prosperity  long  to  live ; and  finally,  after  this  life,  to 
attain  everlasting  joy  and  felicity ; through  Jesus  Christ 
our  Lord.  Amen . 

IT  The  following  Prayers  are  to  be  omitted  here,  when  the 

Litany  is  read. 

A Prayer  for  the  Clergy  and  People. 

ALMIGHTY  and  everlasting  God,  from  whom 
cometh  every  good  and  perfect  gift ; Send  down  upon 
our  Bishops  and  other  Clergy,  and  upon  the  Congre- 
gations committed  to  their  charge,  the  healthful  Spirit 
of  thy  grace  ; and,  that  they  may  truly  please  thee, 
pour  upon  them  the  continual  dew  of  thy  blessing. 
Grant  this,  0 Lord,  for  the  honour  of  our  Advocate 
and  Mediator,  Jesus  Christ.  Amen . 

A Prayer  for  all  Conditions  of  Men. 

0 GOD,  the  Creator  and  Preserver  of  all  mankind, 
we  humbly  beseech  thee  for  all  sorts  and  conditions 

U'ni- verse,  e as  in  met. — W. 

Dost  (dust),  u as  in  tub. — W. 

Plen'te*ous-ly  (plen'-tshe-usde) W, 


32 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


of  men;  that  thou  wouldest  be  pleased  to  make  thy 
ways  known  unto  them,  thy  saving  health  unto  all 
nations.  More  especially  we  pray  for  thy  holy  Church 
universal;  that  it  may  be  so  guided  and  governed  by 
thy  good  Spirit , that  all  who  profess  and  call  them- 
selves Christians,  may  be  led  into  the  way  of  truth, 
and  hold  the  faith  in  unity  of  spirit,  in  the  bond  of 
peace , and  in  righteousness  of  life.  Finally,  we  com- 
mend to  thy  fatherly  goodness  all  those  who  are  any 
ways  afflicted , or  distressed,  in  mind,  body,  or  estate; 
that  it  may  please  thee  to  comfort  and  relieve  them, 
according  to  their  several  necessities;  giving  them 
patience  under  their  sufferings,  and  a happy  issue  out 
of  all  their  afflictions.  And  this  we  beg  for  Jesus 
Christ’s  sake.  Amen . 

A General  Thanksgiving. 

ALMIGHTY  God,  Father  of  all  mercies , we,  thine 
unworthy  servants,  do  give  thee  most  humble  and 
heart y thanks  for  all  thy  goodness  and  loving  kindness 
to  us , and  to  all  men.  We  bless  thee  for  our  creation , 
preservation , and  all  the  blessings  of  this  life;  but, 
above  all,  for  thine  inestimable  love  in  the  redemption 
of  the  world  by  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ ; for  the  means 
of  grace,  and  for  the  hope  of  glory.  And,  we  beseech 
thee,  give  us  that  due  sense  of  all  thy  mercies,  that 
our  hearts  may  be  unfeignedly  thankful,  and  that  we 
may  show  forth  thy  praise,  not  only  with  our  lips , but 

E-spec'ial-ly  (e-spesh'-al-e) . — W.  & R. 

Christ'ians  (krist'-yuns) . — W. 

E-state'.— *W.  & R. 

Is'-sue  (ish'-shu). — -W 

Due  (du),  u as  in  tube.—W. 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


33 


in  our  lives ; by  giving  up  ourselves  to  thy  service , and 
by  walking  before  thee  in  holiness  and  righteousness  all 
our  days;  through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord,  to  whom, 
with  thee  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  be  all  honour  and  glory ^ 
world  without  end.1  Amen . 

A Prayer  of  St.  Chrysostom. 

ALMIGHTY  God,  who  hast  given  us  grace  at  this 
time  with  one  accord  to  make  our  common  supplica- 
tions unto  thee  ; and  dost  promise  that  when  two  or 
three2  are  gathered  together  in  thy  Name,  thou  wilt 
grant  their  requests;  Fulfil  nowy  0 Lord,  the  desires 
and  petitions  of  thy  servants,  as  may  be  most  expedient 
for  them ; granting  us  in  this  world  knowledge  of  thy 
truth,  and  in  the  world  to  come  life  everlasting . Amen . 

2 Cor.  xiii.  14. 

THE  grace  of  our  Lord3  Jesus  Christ,  and  the  love 

Ex-pe'di-ent  (eks-pe'-de-ent,  or,  ex-pe'-je-ent). — W. 

(!)  te  Passing  over  the  latter  part  of  a prayer  in  a careless , hur - 
rying  manner,  as  if  it  were  not  necessary  to  pay  much  attention 
to  it,  is  so  faulty,  that  the  whole  is  in  a great  degree  injured  by 
it,  and  the  effect  produced  by  what  is  before  properly  delivered, 
is  thereby  partly  destroyed.77 — Garrick. 

(2)  “ In  reading  1 a prayer  of  St.  Chrysostom/  it  is  very  com- 
mon to  make  c two,  or  three 7 the  emphatic  words.  This  faulty 
emphasis  would  lead  one  to  suppose,  that  the  promise  quoted, 
was  exclusively  applicable  to  very  small  assemblies  of  Chris- 
tians, containing  not  more  than  two  or  three;  whereas,  the  true 
meaning  of  the  promise  is,  that  our  Lord  will  be  iirthe  midst  of 
all  assemblies  of  social  worshippers,  whether  their  number  be 
few  or  many.  We  remind  him.  of  his  promise,  and  beseech 
him  to  fulfil  it  by  granting  the  petitions  and  desires  we  have 
now  presented.77 — Sheridan. 

(3)  «The  three  distinct  attributes,  referred  to  the  three  per- 


34 


MORNING  PRAYER. 


of  God,  and  the  fellowship  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  he  with 
us  all  evermore.  Amen. 

sons  in  the  Godhead,  ought  to  be  pointed  out  by  the  due  em- 
phasis and  pauses.  In  the  last  part,  by  laying  the  stress  upon 
the  unimportant  preposition,  with,  the  pious  and  ardent  wish,  in- 
cluded in  the  benediction,^  is  lost,  which  can  only  be  manifested 
by  a forcible  emphasis  on  the  words,  be , and,  all ; on  be , as  ex- 
pressive of  the  wish,  which  was  before  explained;  on  ally  as 
extending  the  benediction  to  the  whole,  and  each  individual  of 
the  congregation.77 

(*)  Rather,  benedictory  prayer. 


Here  endeth  the  order  of  Morning  Prayer. 


SUCH  PORTIONS  OF 


THE  ORDER  FOR  DAILY  EVENING  PRAYER 

AS  ARE  NOT  EMBRACED  IN 

THE  ORDER  FOR  DAILY  MORNING  PRAYER, 

ARE  HEREWITH  GIVEN, 


Ca7itate  Domino . Psalm  xcviii. 

0 SING1  unto  the  Lord  a new  song;  for  he  hath 
done  marvellous  things. 

With  his  own  right  hand,  and  with  his  holy  arm? 
hath  he  gotten  himself  the  victory . 

The  Lord  declared  his  salvation  ; his  righteousness 
hath  he  openly  showed  in  the  sight  of  the  heathen . 

He  hath  remembered  his  mercy  and  truth  toward  the 

(*)  On  the  Service  in  general . 

“ In  order  that  frequent  and  long-continued  public  reading, 
such  as  that  of  the  church  service,  may  not  be  prejudicial  to 
health,  it  is  necessary  that  the  actions  of  the  vocal  organs  should 
be  so  adjusted,  as  uniformly  to  take  place  at  the  proper  parts  of 
the  measure.  When  this  adjustment  becomes  habitual  from 
practice,  public  reading  ceases  to  be  injurious  to  the  health  ; 
and  instead  of  a fatiguing  effort,  it  becomes  an  agreeable  and 
healthful  exercise.77— -Cull  on  Public  Reading,  p.  21. 

“As  nothing  can  be  more  irksome  than  the  drudgery  and 
weariness  arising  from  going  over  continually  one  and  the  same 
settled  service,  in  the  usual  cold  and  mechanical  way;  so  no- 
thing can  cause  greater  inward  satisfaction,  than  praying  from 
the  heart;  as  all  must  have  felt,  who  pray  earnestly  in  their 
private  devotions.77 — Sheridan, 


36 


EVENING  PRAYER. 


house  of  Israel ; and  all  the  ends  of  the  world  have 
seen  the  salvation  of  our  God. 

Show  yourselves  joyful  unto  the  Lord,  all  ye  lands; 
sing,  rejoice,  and  give  thanks. 

Praise  the  Lord  upon  the  harp ; sing  to  the  harp 
with  a psalm  of  thanksgiving. 

With  trumpets  also  and  shawms , 0 show  yourselves 
joyful  before  the  Lord,  the  King. 

Let  the  sea  make  a noise,  and  all  that  therein  is ; 
the  round  world , and  they  that  dwell  therein. 

Let  the  floods  clap  their  hands,  and  let  the  hills  be 
joyful  together  before  the  Lord  ; for  he  cometh  to 
judge  the  earth. 

With  righteousness  shall  he  judge  the  world,  and 
the  people  with  equity. 


If  Or  this. 

Bonum  est  confiteri.  Psalm  xcii. 

IT  is  a good  thing  to  give  thanks  unto  the  Lord, 
and  to  sing  praises  unto  thy  Name,  0 Most  Highest. 

To  tell  of  thy  \ov\ng- kindness  early  in  the  morning , 
and  of  thy  truth  in  the  night  season; 

Upon  an  instrument  of  ten  strings,  and  upon  the 
lute ; upon  a loud  instrument,  and  upon  the  harp. 

For  thou,  Lord,  hast  made  me  glad  through  thy 
works;  and  I will  rejoice  in  giving  praise  for  the 
operations  of  thy  hands. 

Then  a Lesson  of  the  New  Testament,  as  it  is  appointed. 

IT  And  after  that,  shall  be  sung  or  said  this  Psalm,  except  on  the 

twelfth  day  of  the  month. 


Lute,  u as  in  tube. — W. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 


37 


Deus  misereatur.  Psalm  lxvii. 

GOD  be  merciful  unto  us,  and  bless  us,  and  show  us 
the  light  of  his  countenance,  and  be  merciful  unto  us ; 

That  thy  way  may  be  known  upon  earth,  thy  saving 
health  among  all  nations. 

Let  the  people  praise  thee,  O God;  yea,  let  all  the 
people  praise  thee. 

0 let  the  nations  rejoice  and  be  glad ; for  thou  shalt 
judge  the  folk  righteously , and  govern  the  nations 
upon  earth. 

Let  the  people  praise  thee,  0 God ; yea,  let  all  the 
people  praise  thee. 

Then  shall  the  earth  bring  forth  her  increase;  and 
God,  even  our  own  God,  shall  give  us  his  blessing. 

God  shall  bless  us;  and  all  the  ends  of  the  world 
shall  fear  him. 

IT  Or  this. 

Benedic , Anima  mea.  Psalm  ciii. 

PRAISE  the  Lord,  0 my  soul;  and  all  that  is 
within  me,  praise  his  holy  Name. 

Praise  the  Lord,  0 my  soul,  and  forget  not  all  his 
benefits: 

Who  forgiveth  all  thy  sin,  and  healeth  all  thine  in- 
firmities; 

Who  saveth  thy  life  from  destruction,  and  crowneth 
thee  with  mercy  and  loving  -kindness. 

0 praise  the  Lord,  ye  Angels  of  his,  ye  that  excel  in 
strength ; ye  tha t fulfil  his  commandment , and  hearken 
unto  the  voice  of  his  word. 

Folk  (foke),  o as  in  no. — W. 

In'-crease,  noun.  ) yy  & ^ 

In-crea=e';  verb,  j 

4 


38 


EVENING  PRAVER. 


O praise  the  Lord,  all  ye  his  hosts ; ye  servants  of 
his  that  do  his  pleasure. 

0 speak  good  of  the  Lord,  all  ye  works  of  his,  in 
all  places  of  his  dominion  : Praise  thou  the  Lord,  O 
my  soul. 


1A  Collect  for  Peace. 

0 GOD,  from  whom  all  holy  desires , all  good  coun- 
sels, and  all  just  works  do  proceed  ; Give  unto  thy 
servants  that  peace,  which  the  world  cannot  give;  that 
our  hearts  may  be  set  to  obey  thy  commandments,  and 
also  that  by  thee,  we,  being  defended  from  the  fear  of 

(’)  On  the  Service  in  general. 

u The  tone  you  use  must  have  nothing  affected  in  it,  or  possess 
any  resemblance  to  the  whining  cant  of  theatrical  declamation , a 
mode  of  speaking  unbecoming  devotional  worship.  The  avje 
and  solemnity  of  the  place  will  not  suit  with  anything  that  has 
the  smallest  appearance  of  affectation.  Every  line  must  seem 
to  flow  from  the  pure  and  sacred  fountain  of  true  piety , from  a 
heart  sincerely  and  ardently  impressed  with  contrition  for  past 
offences.  The  Litany,  of  all  other  prayers,  requires  that  these 
essentials  should  prevail  through  the  whole  of  whatever  changes 
or  variations  you  may  choose  to  make  in  the  course  of  reading 
it.77 — Garrick. 

11  All  constraint  upon  nature  is  instantly  perceived,  as  it  pro- 
duces affectation,  and  of  course  destroys  true  feeling;  for  it  is 
as  impossible,  where  affectation  takes  place  in  the  manner  of 
delivery,  or  in  the  signs  of  inward  emotions,  that  the  feelings 
of  the  heart  should  be  excited,  as  that  two  musical  strings,  not 
in  unison,  should  vibrate  to  each  other,  when  one  only  is  struck. 
Fantastical  emotions  will  produce  fantastical  signs,  and  fantasti- 
cal signs,  by  reaction,  will  produce  fantastical  emotions.  Both, 
having  their  rise  in  the  imagination,  may  operate  upon  the 
fancy,  and  produce  effects  there,  but  never  can  reach  the  heart ; 
as  all  communication  between  them  is  necessarily  cut  off  by 
affectation  ,77 — Siteridan. 


EVENING  PRAYER. 


39 


our  enemies , may  pass  our  time  in  rest  and  quietness ; 
through  the  merits  of  Jesus  Christ  our  Saviour.  Amen . 

A Collect  for  Aid  against  Perils. 

0 LORD,  our  heavenly  Father,  by  whose  Almighty 
power  we  have  been  preserved  this  day  ; by  thy  great 
mercy  defend  us  from  all  perils  and  dangers  of  this 
night;  for  the  love  of  thy  only  Son,  our  Saviour,  Jesus 
Christ.  Amen . 


Efit  attain 


Or  General  Supplication , to  be  used  after  Morning  Service, 
on  Sundays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays. 


O GOD,  the  Father1  oi  Heaven;  have  mercy  upon 
us  miserable  sinners. 

Mis'-er-a-ble  (miz'-zur-a-bl) . — W. 

(l)  u In  the  opening  of  the  Litany,  there  is  something  so 
wrong  in  the  composition,  that  it  will  be  very  difficult  to  set  it 
right  by  any  mode  of  reading.  The  usual  way  of  delivering  it 

‘0  God  the  Father  of  Heaven7 — certainly  does  not  make  it 
sense.  God  may  properly  be  styled  the  Creator  of  Heaven,  as 
well  as  of  Earth ; but  as  we  should  be  struck  with  the  impro- 
priety of  calling  him  the  Father  of  Earth,  custom  alone  could 
prevent  our  perceiving  that  it  is  equally  absurd  to  style  him  the 
Father  of  Heaven.  Besides,  there  is  evidently  intended  here, 
in  the  opening  of  the  Litany,  a distinct  address  to  each  of  the 
Persons  of  the  Trinity;  not  only  by  their  different  appellations, 
but  by  specific  attributes  to  each.  Thus  in  the  address  to  God 
the  Son,  he  is  peculiarly  characterized  as  Redeemer  of  the  world. 
In  that  to  the  Holy  Ghost,  as  proceeding  from  the  Father  and  the 
Son.  The  like  was  probably  intended  with  regard  to  the  ad- 
dress to  God  the  Father,  at  the  opening,  by  the  words  lof 
HeavenJ  as  considering  that  to  be  peculiarly  his  province,  as 
that  of  the  Earth  more  immediately  belonged  to  our  Redeemer. 
If  this  was  the  intention,  as  it  certainly  ought  to  have  been,  of 
the  writer,  it  is  so  obscured  by  the  ill  choice  and  arrangement 
of  the  words,  that  all  the  world  have  mistaken  it.  Had  he  in- 
serted the  word,  Ruler,  or  Creator,  the  sense  would  then  have 
been  plain,  and  the  composition  perfect;  as  thus — *0  God  the 
Father!  Ruler  of  Heaven,  &c. 


THE  LITANY. 


41 


0 God,  the  Father  of  Heaven;  have  mercy 1 upon 
us  miserable  sinners.2 

*0  God  the  Son ! Redeemer  of  the  world,  &c. 

c 0 God  the  Holy  Ghost ! proceeding  from  the  Father  and  the 
Son,  &c.’ 

“ There  is  no  doubt,  that  as  it  was  intended  that  the  opening 
of  the  Litany,  should  be,  by  a distinct  address  to  each  of  the 
three  Persons  of  the  Trinity,  this  intention  should  have  been 
manifested  in  the  first  instance  in  the  address  to  the  first  Person, 
God  the  Father  ; which  it  is  not  at  all,  in  the  manner  in  which  it 
is  generally  delivered — (0  God  the  Father  of  Heaven’— for  this 
is  not  God  the  Father  considered  as  one  of  the  Persons  of  the 
Trinity,  that  is,  the  Father  of  Jesus  Christ,  or  God  the  Son ; but 
expressly,  God  the  Father  of  Heaven ; and  therefore  has  no  rela- 
tion to,  or  connection  with,  the  two  following  invocations,  to  God 
the  Son,  and  God  the  Holy  Ghost.  The  only  way  to  remedy 
this  defect,  is  by  making  a pause  after — { God  the  Father.’— 
Thus— 0 God  the  Father,  of  Heaven— that  is,  peculiarly  God  of 
Heaven,  as  we  style  the  Son,  our  Saviour  and  Redeemer,  more 
peculiarly  Lord  of  Earth.  This  may  at  first  appear  uncouth 
from  its  novelty,  but  the  reason  for  it  will  soon  appear,  and  its 
propriety  be  made  manifest.” — Sheridan. 

(!)  “ Many  persons  in  reading  the  introductory  petitions  of  the 
Litany,  place  the  emphasis  on  the  unimportant  word  ‘uponj — - 
as  thus,  1 have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners;’  and  others, 
lay  the  principal  stress  upon  the  almost  equally  unimportant 
word  * us  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners.’  A little 
reflection  will  convince  them  that  these  are  unnatural  emphases. 
A congregation  of  truly  penitent  sinners,  realizing  the  misery  of 
an  unpardoned  state,  would  only  be  intent  upon  pleading  for 
mercy , and  would  offer  up  these  earnest  appeals  to  the  triune 
God,  in  the  same  manner  that  we  have  directed  a similar  peti- 
tion in  the  general  confession  to  be  read : — 1 have  mercy  upon 
us-miserable-sinners.;  ” — Sheridan. 

(2)  “The  opening  of  the  Litany  should  be  read  with  great 
solemnity,  it  being  declaratory  of  the  nature  of  Deity’s  exist- 
ence; thus  the  first  three  sentences  declare  the  unity  of  the 

4* 


42 


THE  LITANY. 


O God  the  Son , Redeemer  of  the  world;  have  mercy 
upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

O God  the  Son , Redeemer  of  the  world ; have  mercy 
upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

0 God  the  Holy  Ghost,  proceeding  from  the  Father 
and  the  Son;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

O God  the  Holy  Ghost,  proceeding  from  the  Father 
and  the  Son;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

0 holy,  blessed,  and  glorious  Trinity , three  Persons 
and  one  God;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

O holy,  blessed,  and  glorious  Trinity , three  Persons 
and  one  God;  have  mercy  upon  us  miserable  sinners. 

Remember  not,  Lord,  our  offences,  nor  the  offences 
of  our  forefathers ; neither  take  thou  vengeance  of  our 
sins:  spare  us,  good  Lord,  spare  thy  people,  whom 
thou  hast  redeemed  with  thy  most  precious  blood , and 
be  not  angry  with  us  for  ever : 

Spare  us,  good  Lord. 

From  all  evil  and  mischief;1  from  sin;  from  the 

Per'-son,  e as  in  met. — W. 

Of-fences'. 


Godhead  to  be  a Trinity,  and  the  fourth  sentence  declares  that 
Trinity  to  be  a unity.  Each  of  the  first  three  sentences  distinctly 
invokes  a separate  Person  of  the  Trinity;  each  declares  a lead« 
ing  truth  of  that  separate  Person ; and  each  concludes  with  a 
special  prayer  to  Him  for  general  mercy.  The  fourth  sentence 
invokes  the  Deity;  declares  Him  a Tri-une  God,  and  prays  for 
mercy.” — Cull. 

(])  uIn  that  part  of  the  Litany  where  we  pray  for  a deliver- 
ance from  all  kinds  of  evil,  there  is  one  fault  that  constantly 
runs  through  the  whole ; which  is,  that  at  the  end  of  every 
passage  which  the  clergyman  utters,  he  makes  a full  stop; 
though  there  is  not  one  of  them  which  contains  a complete 
sense,  till  it  be  joined  with  the  following  part  spoken  by  the 


THE  LITANY* 


43 


crafts  and  assaults  of  the  devil;  from  thy  wrath , and 
from  everlasting  damnation  ;l 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

From  all  blindness  of  heart ; from  pride,  vain  ’glory, 
and  hypocrisy ; from  envy,  hatred,  and  malice,  and  all 
uncharitableness  ; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

From  all  inordinate  and  sinful  affections ; and  from 
all  the  deceits  of  the  world,  the  flesh,  and  the  devil ; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

From  lightning  and  tempest ; from  plague,  pestilence, 
and  famine;  from  battle  and  murder , and  from  sudden 
death  ; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

From  all  sedition,  privy  conspiracy , and  rebellion  / 
from  all  false  doctrine,  heresy,  and  schism  ;2  from  hard - 

Hy-poc'ri-sy  (he-pok'-kre-se) . — W. 

Schism  (sizm),  i as  in  pin. — W.  & R. 

congregation.  Thus  in  the  first  passage — * From  all  evil  and 
mischief,  from  sin,  from  the  crafts  and  assaults  of  the  devil,  from 
thy  wrath,  and  from  everlasting  damnation’— dt  is  evident  that 
the  sentence  is  not  closed,  as  it  does  not  contain  a single  verb; 
nor  can  it  be  made  sense,  till  the  words—*  Good  Lord  deliver  vs’ 
—be  joined  to  it.  And  the  same  may  be  observed  throughout 
all  that  part  of  the  Litany.  The  best  way  to  get  rid  of  this  bad 
habit,  is,  that  the  clergyman  should  throughout,  mentally,  at 
least,  join  with  the  congregation  in  repeating  those  words — 
‘Good  Lord  deliver  us’ — and  then,  he  will  of  course,  see  the 
necessity  of  not  giving  the  tone  of  a full  stop  to  the  preceding 
part  of  the  sentence.” — Sheridan. 

(')  “The  voice  ought  not  to  fall  here,  as  the  sentence  is  not 
finished  until  the  people  repeat  ‘Good  Lord,  deliver  us.’  This 
is  seldom  attended  to,  although  the  meaning  of  the  whole  de- 
pends upon  its  observance.” — Garrick. 

(2)  “ 1 have  heard  more  than  once  the  last  word  pronounced 


44 


THE  LITANY. 


ness  of  heart , and  contempt  of  thy  Word  and  Com- 
mandment ; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

By  the  mystery  of  thy  holy  Incarnation;  by  thy  holy 
JYativity  and  Circumcision  ; by  thy  Baptism , Fasting , 
and  Temptation; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

By  thine  Agony  and  Bloody  Sweat;  by  thy  Cross 
and  Passion;  by  thy  precious  Death  and  Burial ; by 
thy  glorious  Resurrection  and  Ascension;  and  by  the 
coming  of  the  Holy  Ghost; 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

In  all  time  of  our  tribulation;  in  all  time  of  our 
prosperity ; in  the  hour  of  death , and  in  the  day  of 
judgment  f 

Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 

We  sinners2  do  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  0 Lord  God  ; 

Na-tiv'i-ty,  a as  in  fat.-— W. 

at  the  desk  as  it  is  spelt.  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  the 
proper  way  is  that  as  if  the  orthography  of  it  were  ‘sism.,,? — • 
Garrick. 

(!)  “Mr.  Garrick  always  recommended  at  this  part  a con- 
siderable stop,  as  if  in  fact  one  prayer  was  brought  to  a conclu- 
sion, and  that  you  were  going  to  begin  another.77 — Cull. 

(2)  11  It  is  usual  when  that  part  of  the  Litany  is  ended,  in 
which  we  deprecate  evil,  to  run  on  immediately,  and  in  the 
same  tone  of  voice,  to  the  next  part,  in  which  we  pray  for  good. 
Bat  surely  there  ought  to  be  a pause  of  some  duration,  to  mark 
this  change;  and  the  tone  should  be  lowered  to  that  of  one  who 
supplicates,  and  beseeches  the  grant  of  favours  to  which  he  is 
not  entitled;  as  is  manifest  from  the  very  first  words  with  which 
it  sets  out.—*  We  sinners  do  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  0 Lord 
God,7  &c.77 — Sheridan. 


THE  LITANY. 


45 


and  that  it  may  please  thee  to  rule  and  govern  thy  holy 
Church  universal  in  the  right  way 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  bless  and  preserve  all 
Christian  Rulers  and  Magistrates , giving  them  grace 
to  execute  justice , and  to  maintain  truth; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  illuminate  all  Bishops, 
Priests,  and  Deacons,  with  true  knowledge  and  under- 
standing of  thy  Word;  and  that  both  by  their  preach- 
ing and  living  they  may  set  it  forth,  and  show  it 
accordingly  ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  bless  and  keep  all  thy 
people  ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  give  to  all  nations  unity, 
peace,  and  concord  ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  give  us  an  heart  to  love 
and  fear  thee,  and  diligently  to  live  after  thy  com- 
mandments ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  give  to  all  thy  people 
increase  of  grace  to  hear  meekly  thy  Word,  and  to 
receive  it  with  pure  affection,  and  to  bring  forth  the 
fruits  of  the  Spirit ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

Main-tain'  (men-tane'). — W. 

Il-lu'mi-nate,  u as  in  tube. — W. 

0)  “This  prayer,  which  includes  the  response , is  for  the  right 
government  of  the  universal  Church.” — Cull. 


46 


THE  LITANY. 


That  it  may  please  thee  to  bring  into  the  way  of 
truth  all  such  as  have  erred , and  are  deceived ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  strengthen  such  as  do 
stand ; and  to  comfort  and  help  the  weak- hearted;  and 
to  raise  up  those  who  fall;  and  finally  to  beat  down 
Satan  under  our  feet; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  succour,  help,  and  com- 
fort, all  who  are  in  danger,  necessity,  and  tribulation; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  preserve  all  who  travel 
by  land  or  by  water,  all  women  in  the  perils  of  child- 
birth,  all  sick  persons,  and  young  children;  and  to 
show  thy  pity  upon  all  prisoners  and  captives; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  defend,  and  provide  for, 
the  fatherless  children,  and  widows , and  all  who  are 
desolate  and  oppressed  ;l 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  have  mercy  upon  all  men; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  forgive  our  enemies,  per- 
secutors, and  slanderers,  and  to  turn  their  hearts ; 

Er'-red,  first  e as  in  met. — W. 

(*)  u There  is  a passage  in  that  part  of  the  Litany,  often  im- 
properly read  thus — ‘That  it  may  please  thee  to  defend  and 
provide,  for  the  fatherless  children  and  widows,  &c.; — in  which 
way  of  stopping,  ./or,  is  equally  associated  to  the  former  verb, 
defend , as  to  the  latter,  provide ; but  we  know  that,  defend  and  for, 
can  never  be  united,  as  defend  for,  is  not  English.  We  should 
therefore  read  it  thus — That  it  may  please  thee  to  defend,  and  pro* 
vide  for,  the  fatherless  children,  and  widow’s,  &c.” — Sheridan. 


THE  LITANY. 


47 


We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  give  and  preserve  to  our 
use  the  kindly  fruits  of  the  earth,  so  that  in  due  time 
we  may  enjoy  them ; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

That  it  may  please  thee  to  give  us  true  repentance  ; 
to  forgive  us  all  our  sins,  negligences , and  ignorances ; 
and  to  endue  us  with  the  grace  of  thy  Holy  Spirit  to 
amend  our  lives  according  to  thy  holy  Word; 

We  beseech  thee  to  hear  us,  good  Lord. 

Son  of  God,  we  beseech  thee  to  hear  us. 

Son  of  God,  we  beseech  thee  to  hear  us. 

O Lamb  of  God,  who  takest  away  the  sins  of  the 
world ; 

Grant  us  thy  peace. 

0 Lamb  of  God,  who  takest  away  the  sins  of  the 
world  ; 

Have  mercy  upon  us. 

If  The  Minister  may,  at  his  discretion,  omit  all  that  follows,  to 

the  Prayer,  uWe  humbly  beseech  thee}  0 Father &c. 

0 Christ,  hear  us.1 

0 Christ,  hear  us. 

Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Christ,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Christ,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Endue'  (en-du'),  u as  in  tube . — W. 

C)  11  Every  appearance  of  cant  or  sing-song  must  he  avoided.’* 
—Garrick. 


48 


THE  LITANY. 


^[Then  shall  the  Minister,  and  the  People  with  him,  say  the 
Lord’s  Prayer. 

OUR  Father,  who  art  in  heaven , Hallowed  be  thy 
Name.  Thy  kingdom  come.  Thy  will  be  done  on 
earth , As  it  is  in  heaven.  Give  us  this  day  our  daily 
bread.  And  forgive  us  our  trespasses,  Jls  we  forgive 
those  who  trespass  against  us.  And  lead  us  not  into 
temptation;  But  deliver  us  from  evil.  Amen. 

Min.  0 Lord,  deal  not  with  us  according  to  our  sins. 

Jins . Neither  reward  us  according  to  our  iniquities. 

Let  us  pray. 

0 GOD,  merciful  Father,  who  despisest  not  the 
sighing  of  a contrite  heart,  nor  the  desire  of  such  as 
are  sorrowful ; Mercifully  assist  our  prayers  which  we 
make  before  thee  in  all  our  troubles  and  adversities , 
whensoever  they  oppress  us;  and  graciously  hear  us, 
that  those  evils  which  the  craft  and  subtlety  of  the 
devil  or  man  worketh  against  us,  may,  by  thy  good 
providence,  be  brought  to  naught ; that  we  thy  ser- 
vants, being  hurt  by  no  persecutions,  may  evermore 
give  thanks  unto  thee  in  thy  holy  Church  ; through 
Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 

0 Lord,  arise,  help  us,  and  deliver  us  for  thy 
Name's  sake. 

O GOD,  we  have  heard  with  our  ears,1  and  our 
fathers  have  declared  unto  us,  the  noble  works  that 
thou  didst  in  their  days,  and  in  the  old  time  before 
them. 

Sub'til-ty  (sut'-tl-te) . — W. 

Naught  (nawt),  a as  in  fall. — W. 

0)  cc  The  words  c with  our  ears J is  a pleonasm,  and  therefore 
must  not  be  strongly  marked  by  the  voice.” — Cull. 


THE  LITANY. 


49 


0 Lord,  arise,  help  us,  and  deliver  us  for  thine 
honour. 

Glory  be  to  the  Father , and  to  the  Son , and  to  the 
Holy  Ghost ; 

Ans.  As  it  was  in  the  beginning , is  now,  and  ever 
shall  be,  world  without  end.  Amen. 

From  our  enemies  defend  us,  0 Christ. 

Graciously  look  upon  our  afflictions. 

With  pity  behold  the  sorrows  of  our  hearts. 
Mercifully  forgive  the  sins  of  thy  people. 
Favourably  with  mercy  hear  our  prayers. 

O Son  of  David,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

Both  now  and  ever,  vouchsafe  to  hear  us,  0 Christ. 
Graciously  hear  us,  0 Christ;  graciously  hear  us, 

0 Lord  Christ. 

Min . O Lord,  let  thy  mercy  be  showed  upon  us. 
Ans.  As  we  do  put  our  trust  in  thee.1 

Let  us  pray. 

WE  humbly  beseech  thee,2  0 Father,  mercifully  to 

(j)  u Many  clergymen  pass  over  the  foregoing  lines,  and 
others  of  a similar  nature,  with  all  that  careless , flimsy  insipidity , 
as  if  they  repeated  them  as  a matter  of  form,  without  anything 
else  being  necessary  but  merely  the  recital  of  them.” — Garrick. 

(2)  “There  is  here  a change  as  to  the  person  addressed. 
Most  of  the  petitions  in  the  Litany,  are  addressed  to  the  second 
person  in  the  Trinity:  to  Him  who  submitted  to  1 baptism,  and 
fasting  and  temptation;’  to  1 agony  and  bloody  sweat;’  to  the 

1 cross  and  passion’  for  us.  This  is  especially  true  of  the  fer- 

vent responsive  petitions  immediately  preceding  this  concluding 
prayer.  1 0 Lamb  of  God  who  takest  aivay  the  sins  of  the  world , 
grant  us  thy  peace,’  &c.  1 Graciously  hear  us , 0 Christ ,’  &c. 

But  this  prayer  is  manifestly  addressed  to  the  first  person  in  the 
Trinity;  and  this  change  is  distinctly  marked  by  reading  the 
introductory  address  with  the  emphasis  upon  the  word  thee. 

5 


50 


THE  LITANY. 


look  upon  our  infirmities ; and,  for  the  glory  of  thy 
Name,  turn  from  us  all  those  evils  that  we  most  justly 
have  deserved  ; and  grant,  that  in  all  our  troubles, 
we  may  put  our  whole  trust  and  confidence  in  thy 
mercy , and  evermore  serve  thee  in  holiness  and  pure- 
ness of  living,  to  thy  honour  and  glory;  through  our 
only  Mediator  and  Advocate,  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord. 
Amen . 

Whereas,  in  the  common  mode  of  reading  it,  the  important 
change  is  passed  over  without  notice,  and  this  most  solemn  and 
interesting  part  of  our  service  is  deprived  of  one  of  its  distin- 
guishing beauties.77 — Henshaw. 


Here  endeth  the  Litany. 


THE  ORDER  FOR  THE 


ADMINISTRATION  OF  THE  LORD’S  SUPPER, 

OR 


eommttttiotu 


If  among  those  who  come  to  be  partakers  of  the  Holy  Com- 
munion, the  Minister  shall  know  any  to  be  an  open  and 
notorious  evil  liver,  or  to  have  done  any  wrong  to  his  neigh- 
bours by  word  or  deed,  so  that  the  Congregation  be  thereby 
offended ; he  shall  advertise  him,  that  he  presume  not  to 
come  to  the  Lord^s  Table,  until  he  have  openly  declared  him- 
self to  have  truly  repented  and  amended  his  former  evil  life, 
that  the  Congregation  may  thereby  be  satisfied  ; and  that  he 
hath  recompensed  the  parties  to  whom  he  hath  done  wrong; 
or  at  least  declare  himself  to  be  in  full  purpose  so  to  do,  as 
soon  as  he  conveniently  may. 

IT  The  same  order  shall  the  Minister  use  with  those,  betwixt 
whom  he  perceiveth  malice  and  hatred  to  reign;  not  suffering 
them  to  be  partakers  of  the  Lord’s  Table,  until  he  know  them 
to  be  reconciled.  And  if  one  of  the  parties,  so  at  variance, 
be  content  to  forgive  from  the  bottom  of  his  heart  all  that  the 
other  hath  trespassed  against  him,  and  to  make  amends  for 
that  wherein  he  himself  hath  offended;  and  the  other  party 
will  not  be  persuaded  to  a godly  unity,  but  remain  still  in  his 
frowardness  and  malice;  the  Minister  in  that  case  ought  to 
admit  the  penitent  person  to  the  Holy  Communion,  and  not 
him  that  is  obstinate.  Provided,  that  every  Minister  so  repel- 
ling any,  as  is  herein  specified,  shall  be  obliged  to  give  an 
account  of  the  same  to  the  Ordinary,  as  soon  as  conveniently 
may  be. 

IT  The  Table,  at  the  Communion-time  having  a fair  white  linen 


52 


THE  COMMUNION. 


cloth  upon  it,  shall  stand  in  the  body  of  the  Church,  or  in  the 
Chancel.  And  the  Minister,  standing  at  the  right  side  of  the 
Table,  or  where  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer  are  appointed 
to  be  said,  shall  say  the  Lord’s  Prayer  and  the  Collect  follow- 
ing, the  People  kneeling*  but  the  Lord’s  Prayer  may  be 
omitted,  if  Morning  Prayer  hath  been  said  immediately 
before. 

OUR  Father,  who  art  in  heaven , Hallowed  be  thy 
Name.  Thy  Kingdom  come . Thy  will  be  done  on 
earth , As  it  is  in  heaven . Give  us  this  day  our  daily 
bread . And  forgive  us  our  trespasses,  As  we  forgive 
those  who  trespass  against  us.  And  lead  us  not  into 
temptation ; But  deliver  us  from  evil:  For  thine  is  the 
kingdom,  and  the  power,  and  the  glory,  for  ever  and 
ever.  Amen. 

The  Collect. 

ALMIGHTY  God,  unto  whom  all  hearts  are  open, 
all  desires  known,  and  from  whom  no  secrets  are  hid; 
Cleanse  the  thoughts  of  our  hearts  by  the  inspiration 
of  thy  Holy  Spirit,  that  we  may  perfectly  love  thee, 
and  worthily  magnify  thy  holy  Name  ; through  Christ 
our  Lord.  Amen . 

If  Then  shall  the  Minister,  turning  to  the  People,  rehearse  dis- 
tinctly the  TEN  COMMANDMENTS;  and  the  People,  still 
kneeling,  shall,  after  every  commandment,  ask  God  mercy 
for  their  transgressions  for  the  time  past,  and  grace  to  keep 
the  law  for  the  time  to  come,  as  folio weth: 

Minister . 

GOD  spake  these  words,  and  said,1  / am  the  Lord 
thy  God : Thou  shalt  have  none  other  gods  but  me. 

In-spi-ra'tion  (in-spe-ra'-shun). — W. 

None  (nun),  u as  in  tub. — W. 


(])  uLet  the  priest  declare  these  ten  commands  as  God’s 


THE  COMMUNION. 


53 


People . Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  not  make  to  thyself  any  graven 
image,  nor  the  likeness  of  any  thing  that  is  in  heaven 
above , or  in  the  earth  beneath , or  in  the  water  under 
the  earth.  Thou  shalt  not  bow  down  to  them,  nor 
worship  them : For1  I the  Lord  thy  God  am  a jealous 
God ; and  visit  the  sins  of  the  fathers  upon  the  chil- 
dren, unto  the  third  and  fourth  generation,  of  them 
that  hate  me  ;2  and  show  mercy  unto  thousands  of 
them  that  love  me,  and  keep  my  commandments. 

People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  not  take  the  Name  of  the  Lord 

Be-neath',  th  as  in  this.— W. 

agent,  and  mark  a difference  by  his  voice  between  the  authority 
for  publishing  them  and  the  first  command  3 which  is,  Thou 
shalt  have  none  other  Gods  but  me.77 — Cull. 

(*)  “The  command  is  one  thing,  the  reason  for  its  observance 
is  another:  the  priest  should  mark  their  distinction  by  his  voice.77 
— Cull. 

(2)  “ A passage  in  this  commandment  Sheridan  directs  to  be 
read,  according  indeed  to  the  usual  mode,  both  of  reading  and 
pointing  it, — ‘ visit  the  sins  of  the  fathers  upon  the  children,  unto 
the  third  and  fourth  generation  of  them  that  hate  me  3’  which 
mode  of  reading  destroys  the  sense,  by  making  a pause  at 
‘ children,7  and  none  at  ‘generation;7  for  this  implies  that  the 
third  and  fourth  generations,  who  suffer  these  judgments,  are 
themselves  such  as  hate  the  Lord,  instead  of  being  merely,  as  is 
meant  to  be  expressed,  the  children  of  such;  ‘ of  them  that  hate 
me,7  is  a genitive  governed  not  by  ‘generation,7  but  by  ‘chil- 
dren :7  the  reading  given  above,  expresses  the  true  sense  of  the 
threatening;  i.  e.,  ‘I — visit  the  sins  of  the  fathers,  who  hate  me, 
upon  the  third  and  fourth  generations  of  their  descendants.7  77 — 
Henshaw. 


5* 


54 


THE  COMMUNION. 


thy  God  in  vain:  for  the  Lord  will  not  hold  him guilt- 
less,  that  taketh  his  Name  in  vain. 

People . Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister . Remember1  that  thou  keep  holy  the  Sab- 
bath-day. Six  days  shalt  thou  labour,  and  do  all  that 
thou  hast  to  do  ; but  the  seventh  day  is  the  Sabbath  of 
the  Lord  thy  God.  In  it  thou  shalt  do  no  manner  of 
work;  thou,  and  thy  son,  and  thy  daughter,  thy  man- 
servant, and  thy  maid-servant,  thy  cattle,  and  the 
stranger  that  is  within  thy  gates.  For  in  six  days  the 
Lord  made  heaven  and  earth,  the  sea,  and  all  that  in 
them  is,  and  rested  the  seventh  day : wherefore  the 
Lord  blessed  the  seventh  day,  and  hallowed  it. 

People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Honour  thy  father  and  thy  mother ; that 
thy  days  may  be  long 2 in  the  land  which  the  Lord  thy 
God  giveth  thee. 

People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  do  no3  murder. 

(*)  u A pause  after  the  word  remember,  enforces  the  com- 
mand with  great  emphasis.” — Cull. 

(2)  u The  pause?  as  well  as  the  emphasis,  should  be  at  1 long,7 
not  at  ‘land.7  77 — Henshaw. 

(3)  u Many  clergymen  in  reading  the  negative,  or  prohibitory 
commandments,  are  in  the  habit  of  accenting  the  word  * not .? 
And  here  it  may  be  worth  while  to  remark,  that  in  some  cases, 
the  copula  ought  to  be  made  the  emphatic  word ; (i.  e.,  the  ‘is,7 
if  the  proposition  be  affirmative,  the  ‘ not ,7  if  negative.)  viz., 
where  the  proposition  may  be  considered  as  in  opposition  to  a 
contradictory  one . If,  for  example,  it  had  been  a question,  whether 
we  ought  to  steal,  or  not,  the  commandment  in  answer  to  that, 


THE  COMMUNION. 


55 


People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  not  commit  adultery. 

People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  not  steal. 

People.  Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister.  Thou  shalt  not  bear  false  witness  against 
thy  neighbour.1 

would  have  been  rightly  pronounced,  ‘thou  shalt  not  steal:7  but, 
the  question  being,  v:hat  things  we  are  forbidden  to  do , the 
answer  is,  that  ‘ to  steal7  is  one  of  them  ; ‘ thou  shalt  not  steal ? 
In  such  a case  as  this,  the  proposition  is  considered  as  opposed, 
not  to  its  contradictory , but  to  one  with  a different  predicate : the 
question  being,  not,  which  copula  (negative  or  affirmative),  shall 
be  employed,  but  what  shall  be  affirmed,  or  denied  of  the  sub- 
ject: for  example,  ‘it  is  lawful  to  beg ; but  not  to  steal  d in  such 
a case,  the  predicate , not  the  copula , will  be  the  emphatic  word.77 
— Sheridan. 

“The  decalogue  maybe  cited  as  another  of  the  erroneous 
readings  common  in  the  service.  In  the  decalogue  the  priest 
officially  declares  God7s  several  commands  to  do,  and  to  abstain 
from  doing  certain  acts.  Logically  these  commands  form  two 
sets  of  propositions : one  set  has  a positive  and  the  other  has  a 
negative  copula;  but  each  proposition  of  both  sets  has  a different 
predicate.  Hence  in  both  sets  the  question  concerns  the  predi- 
cate; what  are  we  to  do?  The  reply  is,  to  Hallow  God  and  his 
Sabbath,  to  Honour  our  parents,  &c.  From  what  are  we  to  ab- 
stain ? The  reply  is  still  the  predicate  of  the  command,  from 
idolatry,  murder,  stealing,  lying,  lusting,  &c.  Thus  the  reading 
is  not,  Thou  shalt  not  steal;  but,  Thou  shalt  not  steal.  The 
thoughtful  reader  will  analyze  the  whole  service  in  relation  to 
the  logical  division  of  propositions.77 — Cull. 

(!)  “ Another  fault  worth  noticing,  on  account  of  its  common- 
ness, is  the  placing  of  the  emphasis  on  ‘ neighbour ,7  in  the  ninth 


56 


THE  COMMUNION. 


People . Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  incline  our 
hearts  to  keep  this  law. 

Minister . Thou  shalt  not  covet  thy  neighbour’s  house , 
thou  shalt  not  covet  thy  neighbour’s  wife , nor  his  ser - 
vant , nor  his  maid,  nor  his  o#,  nor  his  ass , nor  any1 
thing  that  is  his. 

People . Lord,  have  mercy  upon  us,  and  write  all 
these  thy  laws  in  our  hearts , we  beseech  thee. 

IT  Then  the  Minister  may  say, 

Hear  also  what  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  saith. 

THOU  shalt  love  the  Lord  thy  God  with  all  thy 
heart , and  with  all  thy  soul , and  with  all  thy  mind . 
This  is  the  first  and  great  commandment.  And  the 
second  is  like  unto  it;  Thou  shalt  love  thy  neighbour 
as  thyself.  On  these  two  commandments  hang  all  the 
Law  and  the  Prophets. 

% Let  us  pray. 

O ALMIGHTY  Lord,  and  everlasting  God,  vouch- 
safe, we  beseech  thee,  to  direct , sanctify , and  govern , 
both  our  hearts  and  bodies , in  the  ways  of  thy  laws,  and 
in  the  works  of  thy  commandments  ; that,  through  thy 
most  mighty  protection,  both  here  and  ever,  we  may 
be  preserved  in  body  and  soul ; through  our  Lord  and 
Saviour  Jesus  Christ.  Amen . 

Di-rect'  (de-rekt') . — W. 

and  tenth  commandments;  as  if  there  might  be  some  persons 
precluded  from  the  benefit  of  the  prohibitions.  One  would  think 
that  the  man,  to  whom  our  Lord  addressed  the  parable  of  the 
good  Samaritan,  had  been  used  to  this  mode  of  delivery,  by  his 
asking,  'and  who  is  my  neighbour V ” — Henshaw. 

(*)  u The  words  1 any  thing’  to  be  marked  in  the  delivery.” — 
Garrick. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


57 


IT  Then  shall  be  said  the  Collect  of  the  Day.  And  immediately 
after  the  Collect,  the  Minister  shall  read  the  Epistle,  saying, 
The  Epistle  [or,  the  portion  of  Scripture  appointed  for  the  Epistle] 

is  written  in  the  — Chapter  of , beginning  at  the  — Verse. 

And  the  Epistle  ended,  he  shall  say,  Here  endeth  the  Epistle. 
Then  shall  he  read  the  Gospel  (the  people  all  standing  up) 

saying,  The  Holy  Gospel  is  written  in  the — Chapter  of  , 

beginning  at  the  — Verse. 

IT  Here  the  People  shall  say, 

Glory  be  to  thee,  0 Lord. 

If  Then  shall  be  read  the  Apostles’,  or  Nicene  Creed:  unless 
one  of  them  hath  been  read  immediately  before  in  the  Morn- 
ing Service. 

IT  Then  the  Minister  shall  declare  unto  the  People  what  Holy- 
days,  or  Fasting-days,  are  in  the  week  following  to  be  ob- 
served; and  (if  occasion  be)  shall  Notice  be  given  of  the 
Communion,  and  of  the  Bans  of  Matrimony,  and  other  mat- 
ters to  be  published. 

If  Then  shall  follow  the  Sermon.  After  which,  the  Minister, 
when  there  is  a Communion,  shall  return  to  the  Lord’s  Table, 
and  begin  the  Offertory,  saying  one  or  more  of  these  Sentences 
following,  as  he  thinketh  most  convenient. 

LET  your  light  so  shine  before  men,  that  they  may 
see  your  good  works,  and  glorify  your  Father  which  is 
in  heaven.  St.  Matt.  v.  16. 

Lay  not  up  for  yourselves  treasures  upon  earth ; 
where  moth  and  rust  doth  corrupt,  and  where  thieves 
break  through  and  steal : but  lay  up  for  yourselves 
treasures  in  heaven;  where  neither  moth  nor  rust  doth 
corrupt,  and  where  thieves  do  not  break  through  nor 
steal.  St.  Matt.  vi.  19,  20. 

Whatsoever  ye  would  that  men  should  do  to  you , 
even  so  do  to  them:  for  this  is  the  Law  and  the  Pro- 
phets. St.  Matt.  vii.  12. 


Doth  (duth),  u as  in  tub. — W. 


58 


THE  COMMUNION. 


Not  every  one  that  saith  unto  me,  Lord,  Lord,  shall 
enter  into  the  Kingdom  of  heaven  ; but  he  that  doeth 
the  will  of  my  Father  which  is  in  heaven.  St.  Matt . 
vii.  21. 

Zaccheus  stood  forth,  and  said  unto  the  Lord,  Be- 
hold, Lord,  the  half  of  my  goods  I give  to  the  poor ; 
and  if  I have  done  any  wrong  to  any  man,  I restore 
fourfold.  St.  Luke  xix.  8. 

Who  goeth  a warfare  at  any  time  of  his  own  cost? 
Who  planteth  a vineyard , and  eateth  not  of  the  fruit 
thereof?  Or  who  feedeth  a flock , and  eateth  not  of 
the  milk  of  the  flock  ? 1 Cor.  ix.  7. 

If  we  have  sown  unto  you  spiritual  things,  is  it  a 
great  matter  if  we  shall  reap  your  worldly  things  ? 1 
Cor.  ix.  11. 

Do  ye  not  know  that  they  who  minister  about  holy 
things,  live  of  the  sacrifice ; and  they  who  wait  at  the 
altar  are  partakers  with  the  altar?  Even  so  hath  the 
Lord  also  ordained,  that  they  who  preach  the  Gospel 
should  live  of  the  Gospel.  1 Cor.  ix.  13,  14. 

He  that  soweth  little  shall  reap  little  ; and  he  that 
soweth  plenteously , shall  reap  plenteously.  Let  every 
man  do  according  as  he  is  disposed  in  his  heart , not 
grudgingly , or  of  necessity;  for  God  loveth  a cheerful 
giver.  2 Cor.  ix.  6,  7. 

Let  him  that  is  taught  in  the  Word  minister  unto 
him  that  teacheth,  in  all  good  things.  Be  not  deceived , 

Saith  (seth) , e as  in  met . — W. 

There-of  (thare-of'),  a as  in  fate. — W. 

Sac'ri-fice  (sak'-kre-fize).— W.  & R. 

Plen'te-ous-ly  (plen'-tshe-u£-le) . — W. 

Cheer'-ful,  ee  as  in  me,  or  as  in  met. — W. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


59 


God  is  not  mocked : for  whatsoever  a man  soweth  that 
shall  he  reap.  Gal.  vi.  6,  7. 

While  we  have  time,  let  us  do  good  unto  all  men  ; 
and  especially  unto  them  that  are  of  the  household  of 
faith . Gal . vi.  10. 

Godliness  is  great  riches,  if  a man  be  content  with 
that  he  hath  : for  we  brought  nothing  into  this  world, 
neither  may  we  carry  any  thing  out . 1 Tim.  vi.  6,  7. 

Charge  them  who  are  rich  in  this  world,  that  they 
be  ready  to  give,  and  glad  to  distribute;  laying  up  in 
store  for  themselves  a good  foundation  against  the 
time  to  come,  that  they  may  attain  eternal  life.  1 Tim . 
vi.  17,  18,  19. 

God  is  not  unrighteous , that  he  will  forget  your 
works,  and  labour  that  proceedeth  of  love;  which  love 
ye  have  showed  for  his  Name’s  sake,  who  have  minis- 
tered unto  the  saints,  and  yet  do  minister.  Heb.  vi.  10. 

To  do  good,  and  to  distribute , forget  not;  for  with 
such  sacrifices  God  is  well  pleased.  Heb.  xiii.  16. 

Whoso  hath  this  world’s  good,  and  seeth  his  brother 
have  need,  and  shutteth  up  his  compassion  from  him, 
how  dwelleth  the  love  of  God  in  him ? 1 St.  John 
iii.  17. 

Give  alms  of  thy  goods,  and  never  turn  thy  face 
from  any  poor  man ; and  then  the  face  of  the  Lord 
shall  not  be  turned  away  from  thee.  Tobit  iv.  7. 

Be  merciful  after  thy  power.  If  thou  hast  much , 
give  plenteously;  if  thou  hast  little , do  thy  diligence 
gladly  to  give  of  that  little : for  so  gatherest  thou  thy- 
self a good  rewTard  in  the  day  of  necessity.  Tobit  iv. 
8,  9. 


E-spec'ial-ly, 


60 


THE  COMMUNION. 


He  that  hath  pity  upon  the  poor  lendeth  unto  the 
Lord : and  look,  what  he  layeth  out , it  shall  be  paid 
him  again . Prov . xix.  17. 

Blessed  be  the  man  that  provideth  for  the  sick  and 
needy:  the  Lord  shall  deliver  him  in  the  time  of 
trouble.  Psalm  xli.  1. 

IT  Whilst  these  Sentences  are  in  reading,  the  Deacons,  Church- 
wardens, or  other  fit  persons  appointed  for  that  purpose,  shall 
receive  the  Alms  for  the  Poor,  and  other  Devotions  of  the 
People,  in  a decent  Basin  to  be  provided  by  the  Parish  for 
that  purpose;  and  reverently  bring  it  to  the  Priest,  who  shall 
humbly  present  and  place  it  upon  the  Holy  Table. 

If  And  the  Priest  shall  then  place  upon  the  Table  so  much  Bread 
and  Wine  as  he  shall  think  sufficient.  After  which  done,  he 
shall  say, 

Let  us  pray  for  the  whole  state  of  Christ’s  Church 
militant. 

ALMIGHTY  and  everliving  God,  who  by  thy  holy 
Apostle  hast  taught  us  to  make  prayers,  and  supplica- 
tions, and  to  give  thanks  for  all  men;  We  humbly 
beseech  thee  most  most  mercifully  [*to  accept  our  alms 
and  oblations,  and]  to  receive  these  our  prayers,  which 
we  offer  unto  thy  Divine  Majesty;  beseeching  thee  to 
inspire  continually  the  Universal  Church  with  the  spirit 
of  truth,  unity,  and  concord:  And  grant  that  all  those 
who  do  confess  thy  holy  Name  may  agree  in  the  truth 
of  thy  holy  Word,  and  live  in  unity , and  godly  love. 
We  beseech  thee  also,  so  to  direct  and  dispose  the 
hearts  of  all  Christian  Rulers , that  they  may  truly  and 

A-gain'  (a-gen7),  e as  in  met. — W.  & R. 

Christ'ian  (krist'-yun). — W. 

(*)  If  there  be  no  alms  or  oblations,  then  shall  the  words  [to 
accept  our  alms  and  oblations , and']  be  left  unsaid. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


61 


impartially  administer  justice , to  the  punishment  of 
wickedness  and  vice , and  to  the  maintenance  of  thy  true 
religion,  and  virtue . Give  grace , 0 heavenly  Father, 
to  all  Bishops  and  other  Ministers,  that  they  may,  both 
by  their  life  and  doctrine , set  forth  thy  true  and  lively 
Word , and  rightly  and  duly  administer  thy  holy  Sacra- 
ments. And  to  all  thy  people  give  thy  heavenly  grace ; 
and  especially  to  this  congregation  here  present;  that, 
with  meek  heart  and  due  reverence,  they  may  hear , 
and  receive  thy  holy  Word  ; truly  serving  thee  in  holi- 
ness and  righteousness  all  the  days  of  their  life.  And 
we  most  humbly  beseech  thee,  of  thy  goodness,  O 
Lord,  to  comfort  and  succour  all  those  who,  in  this 
transitory  life,  are  in  trouble,  sorrow,  need,  sickness, 
or  any  other  adversity.  And  we  also  bless  thy  holy 
Name  for  all  thy  servants  departed  this  life  in  thy  faith 
and  fear;  beseeching  thee  to  give  us  grace  so  to  fol- 
low their  good  examples,  that  with  them  we  may  be 
partakers  of  thy  heavenly  kingdom.  Grant  this,  O 
Father,  for  Jesus  Christ’s  sake,  our  only  Mediator  and 
Advocate.  Amen. 

IT  When  the  Minister  giveth  warning  for  the  Celebration  of  the 
Holy  Communion,  (which  he  shall  always  do  upon  the  Sun- 
day, or  some  Holy  Day  immediately  preceding,)  he  shall 
read  this  Exhortation  following;  or  so  much  thereof  as,  in  his 
discretion,  he  may  think  convenient. 

DEARLY  beloved , on  day  next  I purpose, 

through  God’s  assistance,  to  administer  to  all  such  as 
shall  be  religiously  and  devoutly  disposed  the  most 

Main'te-nance  (men'-ten-anse) . — W. 

Sac'ra-ments,  first  a as  in  fat. — W.  & R. 

Tran'si-to-ry  (tran'-se-tor-e) . — W. 

6 


62 


THE  COMMUNION. 


comfortable  Sacrament  of  the  Body  and  Blood  of 
Christ ; to  be  by  them  received  in  remembrance  of  his 
meritorious  Cross  and  Passion;  whereby  alone  we  ob- 
tain remission  of  our  sins,  and  are  made  partakers  of 
the  Kingdom  of  heaven.  Wherefore  it  is  our  duty  to 
render  most  humble  and  hearty  thanks  to  Almighty 
God,  our  heavenly  Father,  for  that  he  hath  given  his 
Son  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  not  only  to  die  for  us, 
but  also  to  be  our  spiritual  food  and  sustenance  in  that 
holy  Sacrament.  Which  being  so  divine  and  comfort- 
able a thing  to  them  who  receive  it  worthily , and  so 
dangerous  to  those  who  will  presume  to  receive  it 
unworthily ; my  duty  is  to  exhort  you,  in  the  mean 
season  to  consider  the  dignity  of  that  holy  mystery, 
and  the  great  peril  of  the  unworthy  receiving  thereof; 
and  so  to  search  and  examine  your  own  consciences, 
(and  that  not  lightly,  and  after  the  manner  of  dissem- 
blers with  God ; but  so)  that  ye  may  come  holy  and 
clean  to  such  a heavenly  Feast,  in  the  marriage-gar- 
ment required  by  God  in  holy  Scripture,  and  be  re- 
ceived as  worthy  partakers  of  that  holy  Table. 

The  way  and  means  thereto  is;  First,  to  examine 
your  lives  and  conversations  by  the  rule  of  God’s 
commandments ; and  whereinsoever  ye  shall  perceive 
yourselves  to  have  offended,  either  by  will,  word,  or 
deed,  there  to  bewail  your  own  sinfulness,  and  to  con- 
fess yourselves  to  Almighty  God,  with  full  purpose  of 
amendment  of  life.  And  if  ye  shall  perceive  your 
offences  to  be  such  as  are  not  only  against  God,  but 
also  against  your  neighbours ; then  ye  shall  reconcile 
yourselves  unto  them  ; being  ready  to  make  restitution 


Dis-sem'blers  (dis-sem'-blurs) . — W. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


63 


and  satisfaction , according  to  the  uttermost  of  your 
powers,  for  all  injuries  and  wrongs  done  by  you  to 
any  other;  and  being  likewise  ready  to  forgive  others 
who  have  offended  you , as  ye  would  have  forgiveness 
of  your  offences  at  GocPs  hand : for  otherwise  the  re- 
ceiving of  the  holy  Communion  doth  nothing  else  but 
increase  your  condemnation.  Therefore,  if  any  of  you 
be  a blasphemer  of  God,  and  hinderer  or  slanderer  of 
his  Word,  an  adulterer,  or  be  in  malice,  or  envy,  or 
in  any  other  grievous  crime ; repent  ye  of  your  sins, 
or  else  come  not  to  that  holy  Table. 

And  because  it  is  requisite  that  no  man  should  come 
to  the  holy  Communion,  but  with  a full  trust  in  God’s 
mercy,  and  with  a quiet  conscience ; therefore,  if  there 
be  any  of  you,  who  by  this  means  cannot  quiet  his 
own  conscience  herein,  but  requireth  further  comfort 
or  counsel,  let  him  come  to  me,  or  to  some  other  min- 
ister of  God’s  Word,  and  open  his  grief;  that  he  may 
receive  such  godly  counsel  and  advice,  as  may  tend 
to  the  quieting  of  his  conscience,  and  the  removing  of 
all  scruple  and  doubtfulness . 

IT  Or,  in  case  he  shall  see  the  People  negligent  to  come  to  the 

Holy  Communion,  instead  of  the  former,  he  shall  use  this 

Exhortation. 

DEARLY  beloved  brethren,  on  I intend,  by 

God’s  grace,  to  celebrate  the  Lord’s  Supper:  unto 
which,  in  God’s  behalf,  I bid  you  all  who  are  here 
present ; and  beseech  you,  for  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ’s 
sake,  that  ye  will  not  refuse  to  come  thereto,  being  so 
lovingly  called  and  bidden  by  God  himself  Ye  know 
how  grievous  and  unkind  a thing  it  is,  when  a man 


Griev'-ous  (greev'-us). — W. 


64 


THE  COMMUNION. 


hath  prepared  a rich  feast,  decked  his  table  with  all 
kind  of  provision,  so  that  there  lacketh  nothing  but 
the  guests  to  sit  down  ; and  yet  they  who  are  called 
(without  any  cause)  most  unthankfully  refuse  to  come. 
Which  of  you  in  such  a case  would  not  be  moved  ? 
Who  would  not  think  a great  injury  and  wrong  done 
unto  him?  Wherefore,  most  dearly  beloved  in  Christ, 
take  ye  good  heed,  lest  ye , withdrawing  yourselves 
from  this  holy  Supper,  provoke  God’s  indignation 
against  you.  It  is  an  easy  matter  for  a man  to  say,  I 
will  not  communicate,  because  I am  otherwise  hindered 
with  worldly  business.  But  such  excuses  are  not  so 
easily  accepted  and  allowed  before  God.  If  any  man 
say,  I am  a grievous  sinner , and  therefore  am  afraid 
to  come  : wherefore  then  do  ye  not  repent  and  amend ? 
When  God  calleth  you,  are  ye  not  ashamed  to  say  ye 
will  not  come  ? When  ye  should  return  to  God,  will 
ye  excuse  yourselves,  and  say  ye  are  not  ready  ? Con- 
sider earnestly  wTith  yourselves  howr  little  such  feigned 
excuses  will  avail  before  God.  Those  who  refused 
the  feast  in  the  Gospel,  because  they  had  bought  a 
farm,  or  would  try  their  yokes  of  oxen,  or  because 
they  were  married,  were  not  so  excused,  but  counted 
unworthy  of  the  heavenly  feast.  Wherefore,  accord- 
ing to  mine  Office,  I hid  you  in  the  Name  of  God,  I 
call  you  in  Christ’s  behalf,  I exhort  you,  as  ye  love 
your  own  salvation,  that  ye  wdll  be  partakers  of  this 
holy  Communion.  And  as  the  Son  of  God  did  vouch- 
safe to  yield  up  his  soul  by  death  upon  the  Cross  for 
your  salvation ; so  it  is  your  duty  to  receive  the  Com- 
munion in  remembrance  of  the  sacrifice  of  his  death. 


Guests  (gests),  e as  in  met. — W. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


65 


as  he  himself  hath  commanded  : which  if  ye  shall 
neglect  to  do,  consider  with  yourselves  how  great  is 
your  ingratitude  to  God,  and  how  sore  punishment 
hangeth  over  your  heads  for  the  same;  when  ye  wil- 
fully abstain  from  the  Lord’s  Table,  and  separate  from 
your  brethren,  who  come  to  feed  on  the  banquet  of 
that  most  heavenly  food.  These  things  if  ye  earnestly 
consider , ye  will  by  God’s  grace  return  to  a better 
mind:  for  the  obtaining  whereof  we  shall  not  cease  to 
make  our  humble  petitions  unto  Almighty  God,  our 
heavenly  Father. 

If  At  the  time  of  the  Celebration  of  the  Communion,  the  Priest 

shall  say  this  Exhortation. 

DEARLY  beloved  in  the  Lord , ye  who  mind  to 
come  to  the  holy  Communion  of  the  Body  and  Blood 
of  our  Saviour  Christ,  must  consider  how  Saint  Paul 
exhorteth  all  persons  diligently  to  try  and  examine 
themselves,  before  they  presume  to  eat  of  that  Bread, 
and  drink  of  that  Cup.  For  as  the  benefit  is  great,  if 
with  a true  penitent  heart  and  lively  faith  we  receive 
that  holy  Sacrament ; so  is  the  danger  great,  if  we 
receive  the  same  unworthily.  Judge  therefore  your - 
selves , brethren,  that  ye  be  not  judged  of  the  Lord  ; 
repent  ye  truly  for  your  sins  past ; have  a lively  and 
steadfast  faith  in  Christ  our  Saviour ; amend  your  lives, 
and  be  in  perfect  charity  with  all  men ; so  shall  ye  be 
meet  partakers  of  those  holy  mysteries.  And  above 
all  things  ye  must  give  most  humble  and  hearty  thanks 
to  God,  the  Father,  the  Son,  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  for 
the  redemption  of  the  world  by  the  death  and  passion 
of  our  Saviour  Christ,  both  God  and  man;  who  did 
humble  himself,  even  to  the  death  upon  the  Cross , for 
6* 


66 


THE  COMMUNION. 


us,  miserable  sinners,  who  lay  in  darkness  and  the 
shadow  of  death ; that  he  might  make  us  the  children 
of  God , and  exalt  us  to  everlasting  life . And  to  the 
end  that  we  should  always  remember  the  exceeding 
great  love  of  our  Master,  and  only  Saviour,  Jesus 
Christ,  thus  dying  for  us,  and  the  innumerable  benefits 
which  by  his  precious  blood-shedding  he  hath  obtained 
for  us;  he  hath  instituted  and  ordained  holy  mysteries, 
as  pledges  of  his  love , and  for  a continual  remembrance 
of  his  death,  to  our  great  and  endless  comfort.  To 
him  therefore,  with  the  Father  and  the  Holy  Ghost , let 
us  give  (as  we  are  most  bounden)  continual  thanks  ; 
submitting  ourselves  wholly  to  his  holy  will  and  plea- 
sure, and  studying  to  serve  him  in  true  holiness  and 
righteousness  all  the  days  of  our  life.  Amen. 

Then  shall  the  Priest  say  to  those  who  come  to  receive  the 
Holy  Communion, 

YE  who  do  truly  and  earnestly  repent  you  of  your 
sins,  and  are  in  love  and  charity  with  your  neighbours, 
and  intend  to  lead  a new  life,  following  the  command- 
ments of  God,  and  walking  from  henceforth  in  his  holy 
ways  ; Draw  near  with  faith , and  take  this  holy  Sacra- 
ment to  your  comfort;  and  make  your  humble  confes- 
sion to  Almighty  God,  devoutly  kneeling. 

Then  shall  this  general  Confession  be  made,  by  the  Priest  and 
all  those  who  are  minded  to  receive  the  holy  Communion, 
humbly  kneeling. 

ALMIGHTY  God,  Father  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ, 
Maker  of  all  things,  Judge  of  all  men;  We  acknow- 
ledge and  bewail  our  manifold  sins  and  wickedness, 
Which  we,  from  time  to  time,  most  grievously  have 
committed,  By  thought,  word,  and  deed,  Against  thy 


THE  COMMUNION. 


67 


Divine  Majesty,  Provoking  most  justly  thy  wrath  and 
indignation  against  us.  We  do  earnestly  repent , And 
are  heartily  sorry  for  these  our  misdoings;  The  remem- 
brance of  them  is  grievous  unto  us ; The  burden  of  them 
is  intolerable.  Have  mercy  upon  us,  Have  mercy  upon 
us,  most  merciful  Father;  For  thy  Son  our  Lord  Jesus 
Christ's  sake,  Forgive  us  all  that  is  past;  And  grant 
that  we  may  ever  hereafter  Serve  and  please  thee  In 
newness  of  life,  To  the  honour  and  glory  of  thy  Name  ; 
Through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

If  Then  shall  the  Priest  (the  Bishop  if  he  be  present)  stand  up, 
and  turning  to  the  People,  say, 

ALMIGHTY  God,  our  heavenly  Father,  who  of  his 
great  mercy  hath  promised  forgiveness  of  sins  to  all 
those  who  with  hearty  repentance  and  true  faith  turn 
unto  him;  Have  mercy  upon  you;*  pardon  and  deliver 
you  from  all  your  sins ; confirm  and  strengthen  you  in 
all  goodness ; and  bring  you  to  everlasting  life;  through 
Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

If  Then  shall  the  Priest  say, 

Hear  what  comfortable  words  our  Saviour  Christ 
saith  unto  all  who  truly  turn  to  him. 

COME  unto  me,  all  ye  that  travail  and  are  heavy 
laden,  and  I will  refresh  you.  St.  Matt.  xi.  28. 

So  God  loved  the  world,  that  he  gave  his  only  be- 
gotten Son,  to  the  end  that  all  that  believe  in  him 
should  not  perish,  but  have  everlasting  life.  St.  John 
iii.  16. 

(*)  Sheridan  (or  Henshaw,  whose  edition  of  Sheridan  we 
have  followed),  gives  c:you7)  as  emphatical,  although  we  have 
given  a different  reading  in  this  form  of  Absolution  in  the 
Morning  Prayer. 


68 


THE  COMMUNION. 


Hear  also  what  Saint  Paul  saith. 

This  is  a true  saying,  and  worthy  of  all  men  to  be 
received,  That  Christ  Jesus  came  into  the  world  to 
save  sinners . 1 Tim . i.  15. 

Hear  also  what  Saint  John  saith. 

If  any  man  sin,  we  have  an  Advocate  with  the 
Father,  Jesus  Christ  the  righteous  ; and  he  is  the  Pro- 
pitiation for  our  sins.  1 St.  John  ii.  1,  2. 

IT  After  which  the  Priest  shall  proceed,  saying, 

Lift  up  your  hearts. 

Answer . We  lift  them  up  unto  the  Lord. 

Priest.  Let  us  give  thanks  unto  our  Lord  God. 

Answer.  It  is  meet  and  right  so  to  do. 

If  Then  shall  the  Priest  turn  to  the  Lord’s  Table,  and  say, 

IT  is  very  meet,  right , and  our  bounden  duty,  that 
we  should  at  all  times,  and  in  all  places , give  thanks 
unto  thee,  0 Lord,  [*Holy  Father,]  Almighty,  Ever- 
lasting God. 

If  Here  shall  follow  the  Proper  Preface,  according  to  the  time,  if 

there  be  any  specially  appointed  ; or  else  immediately  shall 

be  said  or  sung  by  the  Priest  and  People, 

THEREFORE  with  Angels  and  Archangels,  and 
with  all  the  company  of  heaven,  we  laud  and  magnify 
thy  glorious  Name;  evermore  praising  thee,  and  say- 
ing, Holy,  holy,  holy,  Lord  God  of  hosts,  heaven  and 
earth  are  full  of  thy  glory:  Glory  be  to  thee,  0 Lord 
Most  High.  Amen. 

Pro-pi-ti-a'tion  (pro-pish-e*a'-shun) . — W. 

(*)  These  words  [ Holy  Father ] must  be  omitted  on  Trinity 
Sunday. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


69 


IT  PROPER  PREFACES. 

Upon  Christmas-day,  and  seven  days  after. 

BECAUSE  thou  didst  give  Jesus  Christ,  thine  only 
Son,  to  be  born  as  at  this  time  for  us;  who,  by  the 
operation  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  was  made  very  man , of 
the  substance  of  the  Virgin  Mary  his  mother;  and  that 
without  spot  of  sin,  to  make  us  clean  from  all  sin. 
Therefore  with  Angels,  &c. 

Upon  Easter-day,  and  seven  days  after. 

BUT  chiefly  are  we  bound  to  praise  thee  for  the 
glorious  Resurrection  of  thy  Son  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord : 
for  he  is  the  very  Paschal  Lamb,  which  was  offered 
for  us,  and  hath  taken  away  the  sin  of  the  world  ; who 
by  his  death  hath  destroyed  death,  and,  by  his  rising 
to  life  again,  hath  restored  to  us  everlasting  life. 
Therefore  with  Angels,  &c. 

Upon  Ascension-day,  and  seven  days  after . 

THROUGH  thy  most  dearly  beloved  Son  Jesus 
Christ  our  Lord  ; who,  after  his  most  glorious  Resur- 
rection, manifestly  appeared  to  all  his  Apostles,  and  in 
their  sight  ascended  up  into  heaven,  to  prepare  a place 
for  us  ; that  where  he  is,  thither  we  might  also  ascend, 
and  reign  with  him  in  glory.  Therefore  with  Angels, 
&c. 

Upon  Whit-sunday,  and  six  days  after. 

THROUGH  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord;  according  to 
whose  most  true  promise,  the  Holy  Ghost  came  down 
as  at  this  time  from  heaven,  with  a sudden  great  sound, 
as  it  had  been  a mighty  wind,  in  the  likeness  of  fiery 
tongues,  lighting  upon  the  Apostles,  to  teach  them,  and 


Thith'er,  th  as  in  this. — W. 


70 


THE  COMMUNION. 


to  lead  them  to  all  truth  ; giving  them  both  the  gift  of 
divers  languages , and  also  boldness  with  fervent  zeal 
constantly  to  preach  the  Gospel  unto  all  nations; 
whereby  we  have  been  brought  out  of  darkness  and 
error  into  the  clear  light  and  true  knowledge  of  thee, 
and  of  thy  Son  Jesus  Christ.  Therefore  with  Angels, 
&c. 

Upon  the  Feast  (/Trinity  only,  may  be  said , 

WHO  art  one  God , one  Lord;  riot  one  only  Person , 
but  three  Persons  in  one  Substance.  For  that  which 
we  believe  of  the  glory  of  the  Father,  the  same  we 
believe  of  the  Son,  and  of  the  Holy  Ghost , without 
any  difference  or  inequality . Therefore  with  Angels, 
&c. 

IT  Or  else  this  may  he  said,  the  words  [ Holy  Father ] being 
retained  in  the  introductory  Address. 

FOR  the  precious  death  and  merits  of  thy  Son  Jesus 
Christ  our  Lord,  and  for  the  sending  to  us  of  the  Holy 
Ghost,  the  Comforter ; who  are  one  with  thee  in  thy 
Eternal  Godhead.  Therefore  with  Angels,  &c. 

Tf  Then  shall  the  Priest,  kneeling  down  at  the  Lord’s  Table,  say, 
in  the  name  of  all  those  who  shall  receive  the  Communion, 
this  Prayer  following. 

WE  do  not  presume  to  come  to  this  thy  Table,  O 
merciful  Lord,  trusting  in  our  own  righteousness , but 
in  thy  manifold  and  great  mercies . We  are  not  worthy 
so  much  as  to  gather  up  the  crumbs  under  thy  Table. 
But  thou  art  the  same  Lord,  whose  property  is  always 
to  have  mercy : Grant  us  therefore,  gracious  Lord,  so 
to  eat  the  flesh  of  thy  dear  Son  Jesus  Christ,  and  to 


Di'-vers  (di'-verz) . — W. 
Presume'  (pre-zume'). — W. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


71 


drink  his  blood , that  oar  sinful  bodies  may  be  made 
clean  by  his  body,'  and  our  souls  washed  through  his 
most  precious  blood , and  that  we  may  evermore  dwell 
in  him,  and  he  in  us.  Amen . 

If  When  the  Priest,  standing  before  the  Table,  hath  so  ordered 
the  Bread  and  Wine,  that  he  may  with  the  more  readiness 
and  decency  break  the  Bread  before  the  People,  and  take  the 
Cup  into  his  hands,  he  shall  say  the  Prayer  of  Consecration, 
as  followeth. 


ALL  glory  be  to  thee  Almighty  God,  our  heavenly 
Father,  for  that  thou,  of  thy  tender  mercy , didst  give 
thine  only  Son  Jesus  Christ  to  suffer  death  upon  the 
Cross  for  our  redemption  ; who  made  there  (by  his  one 
oblation  of  himself  once  offered)  a full,  perfect,  and 
sufficient  sacrifice,  oblation,  and  satisfaction,  for  the 
sins  of  the  whole  world ; and  did  institute , and  in  his 
holy  Gospel  command  us  to  continue , a perpetual 
memory  of  that  his  precious  death  and  sacrifice,  until 
his  coming  again : for  in  the  night  in  which  he  was 

betrayed,  (a)  he  took  Bread  ; (a ) Here  the  Priest  is  to  take 

, , , ii-  the  Paten  into  his  hands. 

and  when  he  had  given 

thanks,  ( b ) he  brake  it,  and  (b)  And  here  to  break  the 
gave  it  to  his  disciples,  say- 
ing, Take , eat,(c)  this  is  my  (c)  And  here  to  lay  his  hand 
•o  j i • i • • r upon  all  the  Bread. 

Body,  which  is  given  for  you  ; r 

do  this  in  remembrance  of 
me.  Likewise,  after  supper, 

( d ) he  took  the  Cup ; and  (d)  Here  he  is  to  take  the 
when  he  had  given  thanks,  Cup  Mo  kis  hand' 
he  gave  it  to  them,  saying, 

Drink  ye  all  of  this ; for  ( e ) (e)  And  here  he  is  to  lay 

.his  is  my  Blood,  of  (he  Mv,  Z?mA  t 

Testament,  which  is  shed  for  consecrated. 


72 


THE  COMMUNION. 


The  Oblation. 


you , and  for  many , for  the  remission  of  sins;  do  this, 
as  oft  as  ye  shall  drink  it,  in  remembrance  of  me. 

WHEREFORE,  0 Lord  and  heavenly 
Father,  according  to  the  institution  of 
thy  dearly  beloved  Son  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ,  we, 
thy  humble  servants,  do  celebrate  and  make  here  be- 
fore thy  Divine  Majesty,  with  these  thy  holy  gifts, 
W’hich  we  now  offer  unto  thee,  the  memorial  thy  Son 
hath  commanded  us  to  make;  having  in  remembrance 
his  blessed  passion  and  precious  death , his  mighty 
resurrection  and  glorious  ascension;  rendering  unto 
thee  most  hearty  thanks  for  the  innumerable  benefits 
procured  unto  us  by  the  same.  And  we  most  humbly 
„„  T 4-  beseech  thee,  0 Merciful  Father,  to 
hear  us;  and,  of  thy  almighty  good- 
ness, vouchsafe  to  bless  and  sanctify , with  thy  Word 
and  Holy  Spirit,  these  thy  gifts  and  creatures  of  bread 
and  wine;  that  we , receiving  them  according  to  thy 
Son  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ’s  holy  institution,  in 
remembrance  of  his  death  and  passion,  may  be  par- 
takers of  his  most  blessed  Body  and  Blood . And  we 
earnestly  desire  thy  fatherly  goodness,  mercifully  to  A 
accept  this  our  sacrifice  of  praise  and  thanksgiving ; :N 
most  humbly  beseeching  thee  to  grant,  that  by  the 
merits  and  death  of  thy  Son  Jesus  Christ,  and  through 
faith  in  his  blood,  we,  and  all  thy  whole  Church , may 
obtain  remission  of  our  sins,  and  all  other  benefits  of 
his  passion.  And  here  we  offer  and  present  unto  thee, 

O Lord,  ourselves , our  souls  and  bodies , to  be  a reason- 
able, holy , and  living  sacrifice  unto  thee;  humbly  be- 
seeching thee,  that  we,  and  all  others  who  shall  be 


Me-mo'ri-al. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


73 


partakers  of  this  holy  Communion,  may  worthily 
receive  the  most  precious  Body  and  Blood  of  thy  Son 
Jesus  Christ,  be  filled  with  thy  grace  and  heavenly 
benediction,  and  made  one  body  with  him , that  he  may 
dwell  in  them , and  they  in  him.  And  although  we 
are  unworthy , through  our  manifold  sins,  to  offer  unto 
thee  any  sacrifice;  yet  we  beseech  thee  to  accept  this 
our  bounden  duty  and  service ; not  weighing  our 
merits , but  pardoning  our  offences,  through  Jesus  Christ 
our  Lord  ; by  whom,  and  with  whom,  in  the  unity  of 
the  Holy  Ghost,  all  honour  and  glory  be  unto  thee , 0 
Father  Almighty,  world  without  end.  Amen. 

IT  Here  shall  be  sung  a Hymn,  or  part  of  a Hymn,  from  the  Se- 
lection for  the  Feasts  and  Fasts,  &c. 

If  Then  shall  the  Priest  first  receive  the  Communion  in  both 
kinds  himself,  and  proceed  to  deliver  the  same  to  the  Bishops, 
Priests,  and  Deacons,  in  like  manner,  (if  any  be  present,) 
and,  after  that,  to  the  People  also  in  order,  into  their  hands, 
all  devoutly  kneeling.  And  when  he  delivereth  the  Bread, 
he  shall  say, 

THE  Body 1 of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  which  was 

(')  11  There  is  one  part  of  it,  where  the  bread  and  cup  are 
distributed  to  the  communicants,  which  I cannot  pass  over,  and 
which  is  capable  of  great  improvement,  merely  by  the  force  of 
a different  emphasis.  It  is  usually  thus  delivered — e The  body 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  which  was  given  for  thee,  preserve 
thy  body  and  soul  to  everlasting  life.  Take  and  eat  this  in 
remembrance  that  Christ  died  for  thee,  and  feed  on  him  in  thy 
heart,  by  faith  with  thanksgiving.7 — Now  as  this  is  spoken  in 
their  turns  to  each  communicant,  the  latter  part  would  have 
much  more  force  if  the  emphasis  were  placed  upon  thee , as 
thus — c take  and  eat  this  in  remembrance  that  Christ  died  for 
thee' — as  it  would  bring  it  more  home  to  each  individual.  And 
I would  reserve  this  emphasis  for  the  latter  place,  rather  than 
give  it  to  the  former,  where  it  is  said — J The  body  of  our  Lord 
7 


74 


THE  COMMUNION. 


given  for  thee,  preserve  thy  body  and  soul  unto  ever- 
lasting life.  Take  and  eat  this  in  remembrance  that 
Christ  died  for  thee , and  feed  on  him  in  thy  heart  by 
faith , with  thanksgiving . 

If  And  the  Minister  who  delivereth  the  Cup  shall  say, 

THE  Blood  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  which  was 
shed  for  thee,  preserve  thy  body  and  soul  unto  everlast- 
ing life.  Drink  this  in  remembrance  that  Christ’s 
Blood  was  shed  for  thee , and  be  thankful. 

If  If  the  consecrated  Bread  or  Wine  be  spent  before  all  have 
communicated,  the  Priest  is  to  consecrate  more,  according  to 
the  Form  before  prescribed;  beginning  at — All  glory  be  to 
thee , Almighty  God — and  ending  with  these  words — partakers 
of  his  most  blessed  Body  and  Blood . 

If  When  all  have  communicated,  the  Minister  shall  return  to  the 
Lord’s  Table,  and  reverently  place  upon  it  what  remaineth  of 
the  consecrated  Elements,  covering  the  same  wfith  a fair  linen 
cloth. 

Jesus  Christ  which  was  given  for  thee,  &c.,;  because  there  is 
something  more  affecting  and  emphatical  in  the  last  expression 
— ‘who  died  for  thee 7 — and  two  similar  emphases  in  the  two 
contiguous  passages,  would  not  have  a good  effect.  There  is 
another  emphasis  in  the  first  part,  which  ought  also  to  be 
changed  from  the  usual  manner  of  delivering  it— ‘The  body  of 
our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  preserve  thy  body  and  soul,  &e,7  Here 
the  two  emphases  on  the  same  word,  body,  have  a bad  effect; 
and,  therefore,  one  of  them  should  be  changed,  thus — ‘ The  body 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  preserve  thy  body  and  soul,  &c.7  But 
the  emphasis  on  the  word  body,  is  to  be  restored  in  the  second 
part,  where  the  cup  is  administered,  and  only  the  blood  of  Christ 
mentioned;  as  thus — ‘The  blood  of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ  which 
was  shed  for  thee,  preserve  thy  body  and  soul  unto  everlasting 
life.7  But  in  this,  also,  I would  preserve  the  emphasis  on  the 
word  thee , in  the  latter  part,  thus — ‘ Drink  this  in  remembrance 
that  Christ’s  blood  was  shed  for  thee , and  be  thankful.7  77 — Hen- 
shaw’s  Sheridan. 


THE  COMMUNION. 


75 


If  Then  shall  the  Minister  say  the  Lord’s  Prayer,  the  People 
repeating  after  him  every  Petition. 

OUR  Father,  who  art  in  heaven , Hallowed  be  thy 
Name.  Thy  Kingdom  come . Thy  will  be  done  on 
earth , as  it  is  in  heaven . Give  us  this  day  our  daily 
bread . And  forgive  us  our  trespasses,  As  we  forgive 
those  who  trespass  against  us.  And  lead  us  not  into 
temptation;  But  deliver  us  from  evil:  For  thine  is  the 
kingdom,  and  the  power,  and  the  glory,  for  ever  and 
ever.  Amen. 

If  After  shall  be  said  as  followeth : 

ALMIGHTY  and  everliving  God,  we  most  heartily 
thank  thee,  for  that  thou  dost  vouchsafe  to  feed  us , 
who  have  duly  received  these  holy  mysteries,  with  the 
spiritual  food  of  the  most  precious  Body  and  Blood  of 
thy  Son  our  Saviour  Jesus  Christ;  and  dost  assure  us 
thereby  of  thy  favour  and  goodness  towards  us;  and 
that  we  are  very  members  incorporate  in  the  mystical 
body  of  thy  Son,  which  is  the  blessed  company  of  all 
faithful  people;  and  are  also  heirs  through  hope  of  thy 
everlasting  kingdom,  by  the  merits  of  the  most  precious 
death  and  passion  of  thy  dear  Son.  And  we  most 
humbly  beseech  thee,  0 heavenly  Father,  so  to  assist 
us  with  thy  gracey  that  we  may  continue  in  that  holy 
fellowship,  and  do  all  such  good  works  as  thou  hast 
prepared  for  us  to  walk  in;  through  Jesus  Christ  our 
Lord,  to  whom,  with  thee  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  be  all 
honour  and  glory,  world  without  end.  Amen. 

If  Then  shall  be  said  or  sung,  all  standing,  Gloria  in  excelsis , or 
some  proper  Hymn  from  the  Selection. 

GLORY  be  to  God  on  high , and  on  earth  peace, 


Heirs  (ares),  a as  in  fate . — W. 


76 


THE  COMMUNION. 


good  will  towards  men . We  praise  thee,  we  bless 
thee,  we  worship  thee,  we  glorify  thee,  we  give  thanks 
to  thee,  for  thy  great  glory,  0 Lord  God,  heavenly 
King,  God  the  Father  Almighty. 

O Lord,  the  only-begotten  Son,  Jesus  Christ;  0 
Lord  God,  Lamb  of  God,  Son  of  the  Father,  that  takest 
away  the  sins  of  the  world , have  mercy  upon  us.  Thou 
that  takest  away  the  sins  of  the  world , have  mercy  upon 
us.  Thou  that  takest  away  the  sins  of  the  world , re- 
ceive our  prayer . Thou  that  sittest  at  the  right  hand 
of  God,  the  Father,  have  mercy  upon  us. 

For  thou  only  art  holy;  thou  only  art  the  Lord; 
thou  only,  0 Christ,  with  the  Holy  Ghost,  art  most 
high  in  the  glory  of  God  the  Father.  Amen. 

If  Then  the  Priest  (the  Bishop  if  he  be  present)  shall  let  them 
depart  with  this  Blessing. 

THE  peace  of  God,  which  passeth  all  understand- 
ing, keep  your  hearts  and  minds  in  the  knowledge  and 
love  of  God,  and  of  his  Son  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord: 
And  the  Blessing  of  God  Almighty,  the  Father , the 
Son,  and  the  Holy  Ghost,  be  amongst  you,  and  remain 
with  you  always.  Amen . 

If  Collects  that  may  be  said  after  the  Collects  of  Morning  or 

Evening  Prayer,  or  Communion,  at  the  discretion  of  the 

Minister. 

ASSIST  us  mercifully,1  O Lord,  in  these  our  sup- 

(’)  On  the  Service  in  general. 

u After  all,  the  great  art  in  reading  devotional  services,  is  to 
avoid  the  appearance  of  art.  It  is  to  have  the  soul  so  thoroughly 
absorbed  by  the  holy  sentiments  that  are  uttered,  as  to  allow  no 
room  for  a thought  about  the  manner  of  utterance.  The  clergy- 
man in  the  desk  and  at  the  altar,  should,  as  far  as  possible, 
forget  everything  but  this — I am  in  the  more  immediate  pre- 


THE  COMMUNION. 


77 


plications  and  prayers,  and  dispose  the  way  of  thy 
servants  toward  the  attainment  of  everlasting  salvation  ; 
that,  among  all  the  changes  and  chances  of  this  mortal 
life,  they  may  ever  be  defended  by  thy  most  gracious 
and  ready  help ; through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

GRANT,  we  beseech  thee,  Almighty  God,  that  the 
words  which  we  have  heard  this  day  with  our  outward 
ears,  may,  through  thy  grace,  be  so  grafted  inwardly 
in  our  hearts , that  they  may  bring  forth  in  us  the  fruit 
of  good  living,  to  the  honour  and  praise  of  thy  Name  ; 
through  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen. 

DIRECT  us,  0 Lord,  in  all  our  doings,  with  thy 
most  gracious  favour,  and  further  us  with  thy  continual 

sence  of  the  heart-searching  God,  leading  a company  of  penitent 
sinners  in  supplication  for  mercy  at  the  throne  of  grace, — or, 
expressing  the  thanks  of  the  same  sinners,  for  all  the  mercies 
they  have  received,  and  especially  for  the  transcendent  mercies 
of  redemption,  by  Jesus  Christ.7  — Henshaw. 

u Let  him  forget  that  he  ever  learned  to  read;  at  least,  let  him 
wholly  forget  his  reading  tones.  Let  him  speak  entirely  from 
his  feelings:  and  they  will  find  much  truer  signs  to  manifest 
themselves  by,  than  he  could  find  for  them.  Let  him  always 
have  in  view  what  the  chief  end  of  speaking  is ; and  he  will 
see  the  necessity  of  the  means  proposed  to  answer  the  end. 
The  chief  end  of  all  public  speakers  is  to  persuade;  and  in  order 
to  persuade,  it  is  above  all  things  necessary,  that  the  speaker 
should  at  least  appear  himself  to  believe  what  he  utters;  but 
this  can  never  be  the  case  where  there  are  any  evident  marks 
of  affectation,  or  art.  On  the  contrary,  when  a man  delivers 
himself  in  his  usual  manner,  and  with  the  same  tones  and  ges- 
ture that  he  is  accustomed  to  use  when  he  speaks  from  his 
heart;  however  awkward  that  manner  may  be,  however  ill- 
regulated  the  tones,  he  will  still  have  the  advantage  of  being 
thought  sincere;  which,  of  all  others,  is  the  most  necessary 
article  towards  securing  attention  and  belief;  as  affectation  of 
any  kind,  is  the  surest  way  to  destroy  both.77 — Sheridan. 


78 


THE  COMMUNION. 


help ; that  in  all  our  works  begun , continued , and  ended 
in  thee,  we  may  glorify  thy  holy  Name,  and  finally,  by 
thy  mercy,  obtain  everlasting  life;  through  Jesus  Christ 
our  Lord.  Amen . 

ALMIGHTY  God,  the  fountain  of  all  wisdom,  who 
knowest  our  necessities  before  we  ask,  and  our  igno- 
rance in  asking;  We  beseech  thee  to  have  compassion 
upon  our  infirmities ; and  those  things,  which  for  our 
unworthiness  we  dare  not,  and  for  our  blindness  we 
cannot  ask,  vouchsafe  to  give  us,  for  the  worthiness  of 
thy  Son  Jesus  Christ  our  Lord.  Amen . 

ALMIGHTY  God,  who  hast  promised  to  hear  the 
petitions  of  those  who  ask  in  thy  Son's  Name ; we 
beseech  thee  mercifully  to  incline  thine  ears  to  us  who 
have  now  made  our  prayers  and  supplications  unto 
thee;  and  grant,  that  those  things  which  we  have 
faithfully  asked  according  to  thy  will,  may  effectually 
be  obtained,  to  the  relief  of  our  necessity , and  to  the 
setting  forth  of  thy  glory;  through  Jesus  Christ  our 
Lord.  Amen. 

If  Upon  the  Sundays  and  other  Holy  Days  (if  there  be  no  Ser- 
mon  or  Communion)  shall  be  said  all  that  is  appointed  at  the 
Communion,  unto  the  end  of  the  Gospel,  concluding  with  the 
blessing. 

If  And  if  any  of  the  consecrated  Bread  and  Wine  remain  after 
the  Communion,  it  shall  not  be  carried  out  of  the  Church; 
but  the  Minister  and  other  Communicants  shall,  immediately 
after  the  Blessing,  reverently  eat  and  drink  the  same. 


APPENDIX. 


OFFICE  OF  A PUBLIC  SPEAKER. 

“The  office  of  a public  speaker  is,  to  instruct,  to  please,  and 
to  move.  If  he  does  not  instruct,  his  discourse  is  impertinent; 
and  if  he  does  not  please,  he  will  not  have  it  in  his  power  to 
instruct,  for  he  will  not  gain  attention;  and  if  he  does  not  move, 
he  will  not  please,  for  where  there  is  no  emotion,  there  can  be 
no  pleasure.  To  move,  therefore,  should  be  the  first  great  ob- 
ject of  every  public  speaker;  and  for  this  purpose,  he  must  use 
the  language  of  emotions,  not  that  of  ideas  alone,  which  of  itself 
has  no  power  of  moving.  It  is  evident,  in  the  use  of  the  lan- 
guage of  emotions,  that  he  who  is  properly  moved,  and  at  the 
same  time  delivers  himself  in  such  tones  as  delight  the  ear  with 
their  harmony,  accompanied  by  such  looks  and  gestures  as 
please  the  eye  with  their  grace,  whilst  the  understanding  also 
perceives  their  propriety,  is  in  the  first  class,  and  must  be 
accounted  a master.  In  this  case,  the  united  endeavours  of  art 
and  nature  produce  that  degree  of  perfection  which  is  in  no 
other  way  to  be  obtained  in  anything  that  is  the  workmanship 
of  man.  Next  to  him,  is  the  speaker,  who  gives  way  to  his 
emotions,  without  thinking  of  regulating  their  signs;  and  trusts 
to  the  force  of  nature,  unsolicitous  about  the  graces  of  art.  And 
the  worst,  is  he,  who  uses  tones  and  gestures  which  he  has  bor- 
rowed from  others,  and  which,  not  being  the  result  of  his  feel- 
ings, are  likely  to  be  misapplied,  and  to  be  void  of  propriety, 
force,  and  grace.  But  he  who  is  utterly  without  all  language  of 
emotions,  who  confines  himself  to  the  mere  utterance  of  words, 
without  any  concomitant  signs,  is  not  to  be  classed  at  all  amongst 
public  speakers.  The  very  worst  abuse  of  such  signs,  is  prefer- 
able to  a total  want  of  them ; as  it  has  at  least  a stronger  resem- 
blance to  nature.’7 — Sheridan. 


A ' 

. i 


